random_walk.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon May 29 07:56:41 2017

@author: Administrator
"""

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon May 29 07:52:39 2017

@author: Administrator
"""

from random import choice


class RandomWalk():
    """一個生成隨機漫步資料的類"""
    def __init__(self, num_points=5000
 
):
        """初始化隨機漫步的屬性"""
        self.num_points = num_points
        # 所有隨機漫步都始於(0, 0)
        self.x_values = [0]
        self.y_values = [0]


    def fill_walk(self):
        """計算隨機漫步包含的所有點"""
        # 不斷漫步， 直到列表達到指定的長度
        while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points:
            # 決定前進方向以及沿這個方向前進的距離
 

            x_direction = choice([1, -1])
            x_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            x_step = x_direction * x_distance

            y_direction = choice([1, -1])
            y_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            y_step = y_direction * y_distance

            # 拒絕原地踏步
            if
 
 x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
                continue
            # 計算下一個點的x和y值
            next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step
            next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step
            self.x_values.append(next_x)
            self.y_values.append(next_y)

rw_visual.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon May 29 07:57:13 2017

@author: Administrator
"""

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from random_walk import RandomWalk


while True:
    # 建立一個RandomWalk例項， 並將其包含的點都繪製出來
    rw = RandomWalk(80000)
    rw.fill_walk()

    # 設定繪圖視窗的尺寸
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8))

    point_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points))
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, c=point_numbers, cmap=plt.cm.Blues,
edgecolor='none', s=1)



    # 突出起點和終點
    plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green', edgecolors='none', s=100)
    plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1], rw.y_values[-1], c='red', edgecolors='none',s=100)
    #plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, s=15)

    # 隱藏座標軸
    plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
    plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)

    plt.show()

    keep_running = input("Make another walk? (y/n): ")
    if keep_running == 'n':
        break

一張輸出圖片：

學習：《python程式設計：入門到實踐》