SVM支援向量機Tensorflow實現
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-07
一、tensorflow實現SVM
程式碼中建立了兩個線性模型,再計算損失函式loss時候,一個加了||w||平方,一個沒加,所以繪圖的時候會有兩條線,紅色線條實現了支援向量到現行模型距離最大化,可以更好的預測未知模型。# -- coding: utf-8 -- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import tensorflow as tf from sklearn import datasets # 獲取資料 iris = datasets.load_iris() x_vals = np.array([[x[0], x[3]] for x in iris.data]) y_vals = np.array([1 if y == 0 else -1 for y in iris.target]) # 分離訓練和測試集 train_indices = np.random.choice(len(x_vals),int(len(x_vals)*0.8),replace=False) test_indices = np.array(list(set(range(len(x_vals))) - set(train_indices))) x_vals_train = x_vals[train_indices] x_vals_test = x_vals[test_indices] y_vals_train = y_vals[train_indices] y_vals_test = y_vals[test_indices] batch_size = 100 # 初始化feedin x_data = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 2], dtype=tf.float32) y_target = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 1], dtype=tf.float32) # 建立權值引數 A = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[2, 1])) b = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[1, 1])) A2 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[2, 1])) b2 = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[1, 1])) # 定義線性模型: y = Ax + b model_output = tf.subtract(tf.matmul(x_data, A), b) model_output2 = tf.subtract(tf.matmul(x_data, A2), b2) # Declare vector L2 'norm' function squared l2_norm = tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(A)) # Loss = max(0, 1-pred*actual) + alpha * L2_norm(A)^2 alpha = tf.constant([0.01]) classification_term = tf.reduce_mean(tf.maximum(0., tf.subtract(1., tf.multiply(model_output, y_target)))) classification_term2 = tf.reduce_mean(tf.maximum(0., tf.subtract(1., tf.multiply(model_output2, y_target)))) loss = tf.add(classification_term, tf.multiply(alpha, l2_norm)) loss2 = tf.add(classification_term2,[0]) my_opt = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01) train_step = my_opt.minimize(loss) my_opt2 = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01) train_step2 = my_opt2.minimize(loss2) with tf.Session() as sess: init = tf.global_variables_initializer() sess.run(init) # Training loop loss_vec = [] train_accuracy = [] test_accuracy = [] for i in range(20000): rand_index = np.random.choice(len(x_vals_train), size=batch_size) rand_x = x_vals_train[rand_index] rand_y = np.transpose([y_vals_train[rand_index]]) sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x_data: rand_x, y_target: rand_y}) sess.run(train_step2, feed_dict={x_data: rand_x, y_target: rand_y}) [[a1], [a2]] = sess.run(A) [[b]] = sess.run(b) slope = -a2/a1 y_intercept = b/a1 best_fit = [] [[a12], [a22]] = sess.run(A2) [[b2]] = sess.run(b2) slope2 = -a22/a12 y_intercept2 = b2/a12 best_fit2 = [] x1_vals = [d[1] for d in x_vals] for i in x1_vals: best_fit.append(slope*i+y_intercept) best_fit2.append(slope2*i+y_intercept2) # Separate I. setosa setosa_x = [d[1] for i, d in enumerate(x_vals) if y_vals[i] == 1] setosa_y = [d[0] for i, d in enumerate(x_vals) if y_vals[i] == 1] not_setosa_x = [d[1] for i, d in enumerate(x_vals) if y_vals[i] == -1] not_setosa_y = [d[0] for i, d in enumerate(x_vals) if y_vals[i] == -1] plt.plot(setosa_x, setosa_y, 'o', label='I. setosa') plt.plot(not_setosa_x, not_setosa_y, 'x', label='Non-setosa') plt.plot(x1_vals, best_fit, 'r-', label='Linear Separator + w', linewidth=3) plt.plot(x1_vals, best_fit2, 'r-', label='Linear Separator', color='b', linewidth=3) plt.ylim([0, 10]) plt.legend(loc='lower right') plt.title('Sepal Length vs Pedal Width') plt.xlabel('Pedal Width') plt.ylabel('Sepal Length') plt.show()
二、tensorflow實現SVM,並儲存使用模型
訓練程式碼:
# -- coding: utf-8 -- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import tensorflow as tf from sklearn import datasets # 獲取資料 iris = datasets.load_iris() x_vals = np.array([[x[0], x[3]] for x in iris.data]) y_vals = np.array([1 if y == 0 else -1 for y in iris.target]) # 分離訓練和測試集 train_indices = np.random.choice(len(x_vals),int(len(x_vals)*0.8),replace=False) test_indices = np.array(list(set(range(len(x_vals))) - set(train_indices))) x_vals_train = x_vals[train_indices] x_vals_test = x_vals[test_indices] y_vals_train = y_vals[train_indices] y_vals_test = y_vals[test_indices] batch_size = 100 # 初始化feedin x_data = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 2], dtype=tf.float32) y_target = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 1], dtype=tf.float32) # 建立權值引數 A = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[2, 1])) b = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[1, 1])) # 定義線性模型: y = Ax + b model_output = tf.subtract(tf.matmul(x_data, A), b) # Declare vector L2 'norm' function squared l2_norm = tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(A)) # Loss = max(0, 1-pred*actual) + alpha * L2_norm(A)^2 alpha = tf.constant([0.01]) classification_term = tf.reduce_mean(tf.maximum(0., tf.subtract(1., tf.multiply(model_output, y_target)))) loss = tf.add(classification_term, tf.multiply(alpha, l2_norm)) my_opt = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01) train_step = my_opt.minimize(loss) #持久化 saver = tf.train.Saver() with tf.Session() as sess: init = tf.global_variables_initializer() sess.run(init) # Training loop for i in range(20000): rand_index = np.random.choice(len(x_vals_train), size=batch_size) rand_x = x_vals_train[rand_index] rand_y = np.transpose([y_vals_train[rand_index]]) sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x_data: rand_x, y_target: rand_y}) saver.save(sess, "./model/model.ckpt")
使用判斷程式碼:
# -- coding: utf-8 -- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import tensorflow as tf from sklearn import datasets # 獲取資料 iris = datasets.load_iris() x_vals = np.array([[x[0], x[3]] for x in iris.data]) y_vals = np.array([1 if y == 0 else -1 for y in iris.target]) # 分離訓練和測試集 test_indices = np.random.choice(len(x_vals),int(len(x_vals)*0.8),replace=False) x_vals_test = x_vals[test_indices] y_vals_test = y_vals[test_indices] # 初始化feedin x_data = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 2], dtype=tf.float32) y_target = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 1], dtype=tf.float32) # 建立權值引數 A = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[2, 1])) b = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=[1, 1])) # 定義線性模型: y = Ax + b model_output = tf.subtract(tf.matmul(x_data, A), b) #判斷準確度 result = tf.maximum(0., tf.multiply(model_output, y_target)) saver = tf.train.Saver() with tf.Session() as sess: saver.restore(sess, "./model/model.ckpt") y_test = np.reshape(y_vals_test, (120,1)) array = sess.run(result, feed_dict={x_data: x_vals_test, y_target: y_test}) num = np.array(array) zero_num = np.sum(num==[0]) print(num) print(zero_num)