先看效果：

點選時候：

點選設定：

程式碼.MainActivity:

package com.example.permission;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull
 
;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
/** * 動態許可權之通訊錄備份
 */
public class 
 
MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final int MY_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 10000;

    @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void click(View view) {
//        檢查是否有相應的許可權
 
boolean isPermission = checkSelfPermissionAll(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE});
        if (isPermission) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "正在檢視!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }
//        請求許可權
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, MY_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
    }
//    檢查是否擁有指定的所有許可權
private boolean checkSelfPermissionAll(String[] permissions) {
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == MY_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE) {
            boolean isPermission = true;
            for (int grant : grantResults) {
                // 判斷是否所有的許可權都已經授予了
if (grant != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    isPermission = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isPermission) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "我看看", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                // 彈出對話方塊告訴使用者需要許可權的原因, 並引導使用者去應用許可權管理中手動開啟許可權按鈕
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
                builder.setMessage("備份通訊錄需要訪問")
                        .setPositiveButton("設定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                Intent intent=new Intent();
                                intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                                intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
                                intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
                                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);
                                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS);
                                startActivity(intent);
                            }
                        })
                .setNegativeButton("退出",null);
                builder.show();
            }
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.permission.MainActivity">

    <Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="您檢視" />

</LinearLayout>

3.特別要注意

********manifest 裡什麼許可權也沒有****