每個異常都自己去處理很麻煩，所以我們建立一個全域性異常處理類來統一處理異常

一，首先建立全域性異常處理類：通過使用@ControllerAdvice定義統一的異常處理類，而不是在每個Controller中逐個定義。@ExceptionHandler用來定義函式針對的異常型別，@RestControllerAdvice統一回復ExceptionResponse物件，並轉為為json格式

通用異常返回物件

package com.alen.user.common;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import java.util.Calendar;

/**
 * 異常資訊返回體
 */
public class ExceptionResponse {
    private Long timestamp;
    private Integer status;
    private String message;

    public ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus statusEnum, String message) {
        this.timestamp = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();
        this.status = statusEnum.value();
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Long getTimestamp() {
        return timestamp;
    }

    public void setTimestamp(Long timestamp) {
        this.timestamp = timestamp;
    }

    public Integer getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(Integer status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
    }
}
 

自定義業務異常

package com.alen.user.exception;

/**
 * 自定義業務異常
 */
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException{

    public BusinessException(String s)
    {
        super(s);
    }

}

全域性異常處理類

package com.alen.user.handler;

import com.alen.user.common.ExceptionResponse;
import com.alen.user.exception.BusinessException;
import com.alen.user.exception.SystemException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;


/**
 * Controller全域性異常處理
 * Created by jianchen on 2017/8/11.
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);

    /**
     * 錯誤碼說明
     * HTTP 400 - 請求無效
     * HTTP 401 - 未授權：登入失敗 （401錯誤全部跳轉至登入頁面）
     * HTTP 403 - 沒有許可權：沒有許可權  （提示資訊）
     * HTTP 404 - （未找到）伺服器找不到請求的介面
     * HTTP 406 - 引數錯誤
     * HTTP 417 - 業務處理異常（自定義錯誤資訊）
     * HTTP 500 - 未定義異常（伺服器異常）
     * 其它 未知異常
     */


    /**
     * 自定義業務異常
     * @param e
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
    public ExceptionResponse businessExceptionHandler(BusinessException e, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
        String uri = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        logger.error("當前訪問uri: [{}], 自定義業務異常：[{}]", uri, e);
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.EXPECTATION_FAILED.value());
        ExceptionResponse exceptionResponse = new ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus.EXPECTATION_FAILED,  e.getMessage());
        return exceptionResponse;
    }


    /**
     * 系統異常
     *
     * @param e
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @return
     * @throws SystemException
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class)
    public ExceptionResponse systemExceptionHandler(SystemException e, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
        String uri = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        logger.error("當前訪問uri: [{}], 系統異常（自定義異常）：[{}]", uri, e);
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        ExceptionResponse exceptionResponse = new ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,  e.getMessage());
        return exceptionResponse;
    }

    /**
     * IOException
     * @param e
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
    public ExceptionResponse IOExceptionHandler(IOException e, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
        String uri = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        logger.error("當前訪問uri: [{}], io異常：[{}], 異常資訊：[{}]", uri, e.getClass(), e);
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        ExceptionResponse exceptionResponse = new ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "檔案傳輸異常");
        return exceptionResponse;
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    public ExceptionResponse runtimeExceptionHandler(RuntimeException e, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
        String uri = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        logger.error("當前訪問uri: [{}], 執行時異常：[{}], 異常資訊：[{}]", uri, e.getClass(), e);
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        ExceptionResponse exceptionResponse = new ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "系統異常");
        return exceptionResponse;
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ExceptionResponse exceptionHandler(Exception e, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
        String uri = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        logger.error("當前訪問uri: [{}], 異常型別：[{}], 異常資訊：[{}]", uri, e.getClass(), e);
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        ExceptionResponse exceptionResponse = new ExceptionResponse(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,  "系統異常");
        return exceptionResponse;
    }

}