如果需要將tomcat作為linux的後臺程式執行，需要使用commons-daemon工程的jsvc工具，tomcat的bin目錄裡已經自帶了這個工具的原始碼。

操作環境:centos 7，Tomcat7，jdk 1.7

操作步驟如下:

解壓commons-daemon-native.tar.gz

tar -zxvf commons-daemon-native.tar.gz

解壓後會生成commons-daemon-1.0.15-native-src目錄,進入unix目錄下

cd commons-daemon-1.0.15-native-src/unix

執行配置並進行編譯

注意需要預先安裝gcc，如果沒有安裝，則使用 yum install -y gcc進行安裝

./configure
make

將生成的jsvc檔案拷貝到Tomcat的bin目錄下

在/etc/init.d中建立tomcat檔案，並寫入如下指令碼內容

#!/bin/sh
# tomcat: Start/Stop/Restart tomcat
#
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15
# description: Apache tomcat7

# Small shell script to show how to start/stop Tomcat using jsvc
 

# If you want to have Tomcat running on port 80 please modify the server.xml
# file:
#
#    <!-- Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 80 -->
#    <Connector className="org.apache.catalina.connector.http.HttpConnector"
#               port="80" minProcessors="5" maxProcessors="75"
#               enableLookups="true" redirectPort="8443"
 

#               acceptCount="10" debug="0" connectionTimeout="60000"/>
#

#根據實際jdk路徑進行配置
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/bin/jdk1.7.0_75
#根據實際tomcat路徑進行配置
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.69 
CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOME
DAEMON_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME/bin
TOMCAT_USER=egov

# for multi instances adapt those lines.
#根據實際tomcat路徑進行配置，設定為tomcat路徑/temp形式
TMP_DIR=$CATALINA_HOME/temp
#根據實際tomcat路徑進行配置，設定為tomcat路徑/jsvc/run/jsvc.pid形式
PID_FILE=/home/egov/tomcat/jsvc/run/jsvc.pid
#. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -server -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxNewSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m"
CLASSPATH=\
$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:\
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/commons-daemon.jar:\
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar:\
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

case "$1" in
  start)
    #
    # Start Tomcat
    #
    $DAEMON_HOME/jsvc \
    -user $TOMCAT_USER \
    -home $JAVA_HOME \
    -Dcatalina.home=$CATALINA_HOME \
    -Dcatalina.base=$CATALINA_BASE \
    -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 \
    -Djava.io.tmpdir=$TMP_DIR \
    -wait 10 \
    -pidfile $PID_FILE \
    -outfile $CATALINA_HOME/logs/catalina.out \
    -errfile '&1' \
    $CATALINA_OPTS \
    -cp $CLASSPATH \
    org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
    #
    # To get a verbose JVM
    #-verbose \
    # To get a debug of jsvc.
    #-debug \
    exit $?
    ;;

  stop)
    #
    # Stop Tomcat
    #
    $DAEMON_HOME/jsvc \
    -stop \
    -pidfile $PID_FILE \
    org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
    (ps -e | awk '{ if($4== "jsvc") printf "%s ",$1}' | xargs kill -9)2>/dev/null
    exit $?
    ;;

  restart)
    #
    # Restart Tomcat
    #
    $0 stop
    $0 start
    ;;

  status)
    #
    # Restart Tomcat
    #
    ps ax --width=1000 | grep "[o]rg.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap" | awk '{printf $1 " "}' | wc | awk '{print $2}' > /tmp/tomcat_process_count.txt
    read line < /tmp/tomcat_process_count.txt
    if [ $line -gt 0 ]; then
       echo -n "tomcat7 ( pid "
       ps ax --width=1000 | grep "[o]rg.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap" | awk '{printf $1 " "}'
       echo ") is running                             "
    else
       echo "tomcat7 is stopped"
    fi
    ;;

  *)
    echo "Usage tomcat7 start/stop/restart/status"
    exit 1;;
esac

根據實際情況修改JAVA_HOME,CATALINA_HOME以及TOMCAT_USER的值

修改tomcat檔案的屬性

chmod 755 tomcat

新增系統服務

chkconfig --add tomcat

檢視是否新增tomcat系統服務

chkconfig --list

啟動tomcat服務

service tomcat start

檢視是否啟動成功

service tomcat status

關閉tomcat服務

service tomcat stop