1、新增mysql使用者組以及使用者
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

2、解壓mysql 並制定安裝目錄
cd /root/software/
tar xvzf mysql-5.1.68.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.68

3、configure
第一次配置 configure
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ –with-server-suffix=-unionread-edition –enable-assembler –enable-local-infile –enable-thread-safe-client –with-charset=utf8 –with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –with-pthread –with-mysqld-user=mysql –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –with-client-ldflags=-all-static –with-plugins=partition,innobase,innodb_plugin

報錯：
checking for tgetent in -lncursesw… no
checking for tgetent in -lncurses… no
checking for tgetent in -lcurses… no
checking for tgetent in -ltermcap… no
checking for tgetent in -ltinfo… no
checking for termcap functions library… configure: error: No curses/termcap library found
**問題：**configure時遇到缺少ncurses依賴包
解決:

安裝完成以後重新配置 configure
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ –with-server-suffix=-unionread-edition –enable-assembler –enable-local-infile –enable-thread-safe-client –with-charset=utf8 –with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –with-pthread –with-mysqld-user=mysql –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –with-client-ldflags=-all-static –with-plugins=partition,innobase,innodb_plugin
Thank you for choosing MySQL! mysql安裝的第一步成功

4、make && make install
報錯：
make[1]: Entering directory /root/software/mysql-5.1.68/mysys'
source='my_new.cc' object='my_new.o' libtool=no \
DEPDIR=.deps depmode=none /bin/sh ../depcomp \
g++ -DDEFAULT_BASEDIR=\"/home/mysql\" -DMYSQL_DATADIR="\"/home/mysql/var\"" -DDEFAULT_CHARSET_HOME="\"/home/mysql\"" -DSHAREDIR="\"/home/mysql/share/mysql\"" -DDEFAULT_HOME_ENV=MYSQL_HOME -DDEFAULT_GROUP_SUFFIX_ENV=MYSQL_GROUP_SUFFIX -DDEFAULT_SYSCONFDIR="\"/home/mysql/etc\"" -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -I../include -I../include -I. -O -fno-implicit-templates -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -c -o my_new.o my_new.cc
../depcomp: line 571: exec: g++: not found
make[1]: *** [my_new.o] Error 127
make[1]: Leaving directory/root/software/mysql-5.1.68/mysys’
make: * [all-recursive] Error 1
問題：g++ not found 。
對比檢視發現GCC已經安裝但缺少g++，所以make時報錯。
安裝gcc-c++
[[email protected] ~/software]# yum -y install gcc-c++

第三次 ./configure
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ –with-server-suffix=-unionread-edition –enable-assembler –enable-local-infile –enable-thread-safe-client –with-charset=utf8 –with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –with-pthread –with-mysqld-user=mysql –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –with-client-ldflags=-all-static –with-plugins=partition,innobase,innodb_plugin
make && make install
漫長的等待。

5、初始化授權表：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql –datadir=/var/lib/mysql/
copy配置檔案：
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

6、啟動mysql服務
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
設定啟動服務
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig –add mysqld
chkconfig –level 345 mysqld on
複製mysql啟動到使用者path下
cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
啟動mysql
service mysqld start
鍵入mysql 或者 全路徑 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
可以登陸了。

7、修改root密碼
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password XXXXXX
再次登陸
mysql -uroot -p

第二種方式 rpm安裝包手動安裝：
1)軟體包：
MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
2)安裝命令：
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
執行安裝時報錯：
[[email protected] ~/software]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

錯誤提示server與mysql-libs-5.1.66包衝突。
解決思路，先移除衝突的libs包，在進行安裝
[[email protected] ~/software]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[[email protected] ~/software]# yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.66*
[[email protected] ~/software]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.54-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
成功。