Ajax傳輸Json和xml資料
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-09
ajax傳輸xml資料:只要把資料封裝成xml格式就可以實現傳輸,前臺js用responseXML接收xml引數,後臺讀取用流和dom4j來解析
前臺頁面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head >
<title>Ajax XML資料處理演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
//get方式ajax
function send1(){
alert("ok");
var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
var xhr=null ;
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
xhr=new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{
xhr=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
}
var url="<c:url value='/XmlServlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age;
//3設定訪問方式
xhr.open("GET" , url, true);
//4設定訪問成功返回後的操作
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
if(xhr.status==200){//響應程式碼正常
var txt=xhr.responseText;
alert(txt);
}
}
};
xhr.send(null);
}
</script>
<!-- 前臺以xml的格式向伺服器傳送資料 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
//post方式ajax
function send2(){
alert("222");
//1建立ajax物件
var xhr = null;
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本
xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{//低版本
xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
}
//2請求地址
var url = "<c:url value='/XmlServlet'/>";
//3設定訪問方式
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
//4設定訪問成功返回後的操作
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回
if(xhr.status==200){//響應程式碼正常
var xmlObj=xhr.responseXML;
var users=xmlObj.getElementsByTagName("user");
for(var i=0;i<users.length;i++){
var id=users[i].getAttribute("id");
var name=users[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法,和html中有點小差別
var age=users[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.data;//不能用childNodes["age"]
alert(id+","+name+","+age);
}
}
}
};
var name=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value;
var age=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value;
var xml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>";
xhr.send(xml);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Name:
<input type="text" name="name">
<br /> Age:
<input type="text" name="age">
<br />
<input type="button" value="Get提交" onclick="send1();" />
<br />
<input type="button" value="Post提交" onclick="send2()" />
<br />
</body>
</html>
後臺頁面
package cn.hncu.servlet;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import cn.hncu.domain.User;
public class XmlServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
String name=request.getParameter("name");
String age=request.getParameter("age");
System.out.println("name:"+name+" age"+age);
response.getWriter().print("通知");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//設定響應頭---▲▲▲注意要設定xml響應格式
response.setContentType("text/xml;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
InputStream in=request.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bis=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"utf-8"));//要加編碼
String line=null;
StringBuffer xml=new StringBuffer();
while((line=bis.readLine())!=null){
xml.append(line);
}
System.out.println(xml.toString());
//後臺讀取出來之後,用dom4j來解析就行
SAXReader sax=new SAXReader();
try {
Document dom=sax.read(new StringReader(xml.toString()));
Element root=dom.getRootElement();
String name=root.elementText("name");
String age=root.elementText("age");
System.out.println("後臺解析結果:"+name+","+age);
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//-----------------從前端向後臺servlet傳送,實現相對簡單點--------------------------------
List<User> list=new ArrayList<User>();
list.add(new User("U001","Jack",22));
list.add(new User("U002","張三",23));
String res="<users>";
for(User user:list){
res+="<user id=\""+user.getId()+"\"><name>"+user.getName()+"</name><age>"+user.getAge()+"</age></user>";
}
res+="</users>";
//設定響應頭---▲▲▲注意要設定xml響應格式
out.print(res);
}
}
Ajax傳輸Json資料的要點利用Apache或者阿里巴巴的JSONArray類進行傳輸
前臺程式碼
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax Json資料處理演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function ask1() {
//1建立ajax物件
var xhr = null;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
} else {//低版本
xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
}
//2請求地址
var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet1'/>";
//3設定訪問方式
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
//4設定訪問成功返回後的操作
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
if (xhr.status == 200) {//響應程式碼正常
//※※※※※解析後臺返回的json串
//js中eval()方法的功能:是校驗引數文字串符合js中哪一種資料型別,並把其轉換成對應型別的物件
var txt = xhr.responseText;
var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); //把符合json格式的文字串 轉換成 json物件
for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {
alert(users[i].id + "," + users[i].name + ","
+ users[i].age);
}
}
}
};
//5 傳送
xhr.send(null);
}
function ask2() {
//1建立ajax物件
var xhr = null;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
} else {//低版本
xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
}
//2請求地址
var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet2'/>";
//3設定訪問方式
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
//4設定訪問成功返回後的操作
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
if (xhr.status == 200) {//響應程式碼正常
//※※※※※解析後臺返回的json串
//js中eval()方法的功能:是校驗引數文字串符合js中哪一種資料型別,並把其轉換成對應型別的物件
var txt = xhr.responseText;
//alert(txt);
//把符合json格式的文字串 轉換成 json物件
var users = eval("(" + txt + ")");
for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式
alert("屬性:" + key + ",值:" + users[key]);
}
//for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍歷方式
//alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age);
//}
};
};
//5 傳送
xhr.send(null);
}
function ask3() {
//1建立ajax物件
var xhr = null;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {//高版本
xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
} else {//低版本
xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
}
//2請求地址
var url = "<c:url value='/JsonServlet2'/>";
//3設定訪問方式
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
//4設定訪問成功返回後的操作
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {//返回
if (xhr.status == 200) {//響應程式碼正常
//※※※※※解析後臺返回的json串
//js中eval()方法的功能:是校驗引數文字串符合js中哪一種資料型別,並把其轉換成對應型別的物件
var txt = xhr.responseText;
//alert(txt);
//把符合json格式的文字串 轉換成 json物件
var users = eval("(" + txt + ")");
for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式
alert("屬性:" + key + ",值:" + users[key]);
}
//for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍歷方式
//alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age);
//}
};
};
//5 傳送
xhr.send(null);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" onclick="ask1();" value="ajax請求後臺資料(手動封裝json方式)" />
<br />
<input type="button" onclick="ask2();"
value="ajax請求後臺資料(用apache工具封裝json方式)" />
<input type="button" onclick="ask3()" value="ajax請求後臺資料(用fastjson工具封裝json方式)" />
</body>
</html>
JsonServlet1.java
package cn.hncu.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.hncu.domain.User;
public class JsonServlet1 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//呼叫後臺service.dao.query(),到資料庫當中把資訊讀取出來
//為簡化知識點的理解,此處後臺部分的功能直接模擬
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
users.add(new User("B001","張三",20));
users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
String json="";
//用java封裝出json格式的字串:[{name:"Jack",age:25}, {...}, {...} ]
for(User u:users){
if(json.equals("")){
json="{name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}";
}else{
json = json +",{ name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}" ;
}
}
json="["+json+"]";
out.print(json);
}
}
JsonServlet2.java
package cn.hncu.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.hncu.domain.User;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class JsonServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
users.add(new User("B001","張三",20));
users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
String strJson=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(users);
System.out.println(strJson);
//用fastjson工具(只有一個jar包)幫我們把list轉換成json串
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("addr", "湖南");
map.put("height", "170");
map.put("marry", "no");
map.put("user", new User("A003","小李",25));
String strMap=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(map);
out.print(strMap.toString());
}
}
JsonServlet3.java
package cn.hncu.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import cn.hncu.domain.User;
public class JsonServlet3 extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
users.add(new User("A001","Jack",20));
users.add(new User("A002","Rose",22));
users.add(new User("B001","張三",20));
users.add(new User("B002","李四",30));
//用fastjson工具(只有一個jar包)幫我們把list轉換成json串
JSONArray json=JSONArray.fromObject(users);
String strJson=json.toString();
System.out.println(strJson);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("addr", "湖南");
map.put("height", "170");
map.put("marry", "no");
map.put("user", new User("A003","小李",25));
JSONObject obj = JSONObject.fromObject(map);
System.out.println(obj.toString());
out.print(obj.toString());
}
}