檔案準備

準備

先安裝以下依賴包

sudo apt-get install build-essential  

sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev  

sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev  

sudo apt-get
 
 install build-essential qt5-default ccache libv4l-dev libavresample-dev  libgphoto2-dev libopenblas-base libopenblas-dev doxygen  openjdk-8-jdk pylint libvtk6-dev

sudo apt-get install pkg-config

編譯

1.解壓下載好的包：

unzip opencv-3.3.1.zip
unzip opencv_contrib-3.3.1.zip

2.解壓完後需要將opencv_contrib.zip提取到opencv目錄下，同時在該目錄下新建一個資料夾build：

cp -r opencv_contrib-3.3.1 opencv-3.3.1  #複製opencv_contrib到opencv目錄下

cd opencv-3.3.1

mkdir build                              #新建資料夾build

3.現在進入到opencv-3.3.1目錄下，檢視檔案結構：

#ls

3rdparty  cmake            data     LICENSE               platforms
apps      CMakeLists.txt   doc      modules               README.md
 

build     CONTRIBUTING.md  include  opencv_contrib-3.3.1  samples

4.進入build目錄，並且執行cmake生成makefile檔案：

cd build  


cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/files/opencv-3.3.1/opencv_contrib-3.3.1/modules/ .. 

注意：OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH就是你 opencv_contrib-3.3.1下面的modules目錄，請按照自己的實際目錄修改地址。還有後面的兩點不可省略！！

接下來就是漫長的等待了…

生成完畢提示：

--   Install path:                  /usr/local
-- 
--   cvconfig.h is in:              /home/files/opencv-3.3.1/build
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
-- 
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/files/opencv-3.3.1/build

5.在cmake成功之後，就可以在build檔案下make了：

make -j8        #8執行緒編譯
make install

接下來就是更漫長的等待了……具體時間因人而異，我的電腦跑了20分鐘。如果看到下圖，說明成功了，再make install就ok了！

6.連結庫共享
編譯安裝完畢之後，為了讓你的連結庫被系統共享，讓編譯器發現，需要執行管理命令ldconfig：

sudo ldconfig -v  

問題

Ubuntu16.04會報錯：

Scanning dependencies of target opencv_test_superres
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFNumberOfDirectories@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBAImage@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFSetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `_TIFFfree@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFScanlineSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFTileSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFSetErrorHandler@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFReadScanline@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `TIFFNumberOfTiles@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOImage-6.2.so.6.2: undefined reference to `[email protected]_4.0'
[ 74%] Building CXX object modules/imgcodecs/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_imgcodecs.dir/perf/perf_main.cpp.o
[ 74%] Building CXX object modules/shape/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_shape.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
[ 74%] Building CXX object modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_highgui.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
[ 75%] Building CXX object modules/superres/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_superres.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
[ 75%] Building CXX object modules/videoio/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_videoio.dir/perf/perf_main.cpp.o
[ 75%] Building CXX object modules/videoio/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_videoio.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
modules/viz/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_viz.dir/build.make:233: recipe for target 'bin/opencv_test_viz' failed
make[2]: *** [bin/opencv_test_viz] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:5627: recipe for target 'modules/viz/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_viz.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/viz/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_viz.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs...

解決方法：

sudo apt-get autoremove libtiff5-dev

sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev

例子

接下來你就可以在Clion開始寫你的Opencv程式了，示例： Clion下第一個opencv3程式 ，記得在Cmakelists.txt上多花點功夫寫對。

下面這個例子能跑，證明你上面環境配置完全正確！

/**
* @概述：採用FAST運算元檢測特徵點，採用SIFT運算元對特徵點進行特徵提取，並使用BruteForce匹配法進行特徵點的匹配
* @類和函式：FastFeatureDetector + SiftDescriptorExtractor + BruteForceMatcher
*/


#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/xfeatures2d.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
using namespace cv::xfeatures2d;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    Mat objImage = imread("1.jpg", IMREAD_COLOR);
    Mat sceneImage = imread("2.jpg", IMREAD_COLOR);
    //-- Step 1: Detect the keypoints using SURF Detector
    int minHessian = 400;
    Ptr<SURF> detector = SURF::create(minHessian);
    std::vector<KeyPoint> obj_keypoint, scene_keypoint;
    detector->detect(objImage, obj_keypoint);
    detector->detect(sceneImage, scene_keypoint);
    //computer the descriptors
    Mat obj_descriptors, scene_descriptors;
    detector->compute(objImage, obj_keypoint, obj_descriptors);
    detector->compute(sceneImage, scene_keypoint, scene_descriptors);
    //use BruteForce to match,and get good_matches
    BFMatcher matcher;
    vector<DMatch> matches;
    matcher.match(obj_descriptors, scene_descriptors, matches);
    sort(matches.begin(), matches.end());  //篩選匹配點
    vector<DMatch> good_matches;
    for (int i = 0; i < min(50, (int)(matches.size()*0.15)); i++) {
        good_matches.push_back(matches[i]);
    }
    //draw matches
    Mat imgMatches;
    drawMatches(objImage, obj_keypoint, sceneImage, scene_keypoint,good_matches, imgMatches);
    //get obj bounding
    vector<Point2f> obj_good_keypoint;
    vector<Point2f> scene_good_keypoint;
    for (int i = 0; i < good_matches.size(); i++) {
        obj_good_keypoint.push_back(obj_keypoint[good_matches[i].queryIdx].pt);
        scene_good_keypoint.push_back(scene_keypoint[good_matches[i].trainIdx].pt);
    }
    vector<Point2f> obj_box(4);
    vector<Point2f> scene_box(4);
    obj_box[0] = Point(0, 0);
    obj_box[1] = Point(objImage.cols, 0);
    obj_box[2] = Point(objImage.cols, objImage.rows);
    obj_box[3] = Point(0, objImage.rows);
    Mat H = findHomography(obj_good_keypoint, scene_good_keypoint, RANSAC); //find the perspective transformation between the source and the destination
    perspectiveTransform(obj_box, scene_box, H);
    line(imgMatches, scene_box[0]+Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), scene_box[1] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
    line(imgMatches, scene_box[1] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), scene_box[2] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
    line(imgMatches, scene_box[2] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), scene_box[3] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
    line(imgMatches, scene_box[3] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), scene_box[0] + Point2f((float)objImage.cols, 0), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
    //show the result                                                                   
    imshow("匹配圖", imgMatches);
    //save picture file
    imwrite("final.jpg",imgMatches);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

上傳1.jpg和2.jpg：

再傳一張最後跑出的效果圖：