使用Oracle的在線重定義技術，可以將Oracle的普通表改為分區表。操作如下：

STEP1：測試表是否可以在線重定義，這裏以unixdev數據庫的LIJIAMAN.BSTEST為例

 EXEC DBMS_REDEFINITION.CAN_REDEF_TABLE(‘LIJIAMAN‘,‘BSTEST‘, DBMS_REDEFINITION.CONS_USE_PK);

如果表上沒有主鍵，則會報錯：
SQL> exec dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table(‘LIJIAMAN‘, ‘BSTEST‘, ‘BSTEST_TMP‘);
ORA-12089: 不能聯機重新定義無主鍵的表 "LIJIAMAN"."BSTEST"

STEP2：創建中間表
除了表名稱外，該中間表的形式需要與我們最終的分區表的形式一模一樣，如列名，列的數據類型、分區字段，分區方法等。

create table BSTEST_tmp
( TIMEKEY VARCHAR2(40), 
ITEMNAME VARCHAR2(40), 
SITENAME VARCHAR2(40), 
SITEVALUE VARCHAR2(40) 
) 
partition 
 
by range (timekey) 
( partition part_201711 values less than(‘201712010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201712 values less than(‘201801010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201801 values less than(‘201802010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201802 values less than(‘201803010000000000000‘),
partition part_201803 values less than(‘201804010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201804 values less than(‘
 
201805010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201805 values less than(‘201806010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201806 values less than(‘201807010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201807 values less than(‘201808010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201808 values less than(‘201809010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201809 values less than(‘201810010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201810 values less than(‘201811010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201811 values less than(‘201812010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201812 values less than(‘201901010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201901 values less than(‘201902010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201902 values less than(‘201903010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201903 values less than(‘201904010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201904 values less than(‘201905010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201905 values less than(‘201906010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201906 values less than(‘201907010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201907 values less than(‘201908010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201908 values less than(‘201909010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201909 values less than(‘201910010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201910 values less than(‘201911010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201911 values less than(‘201912010000000000000‘), 
partition part_201912 values less than(‘202001010000000000000‘), 
partition part_202001 values less than(‘202002010000000000000‘), 
partition part_202002 values less than(‘202003010000000000000‘), 
partition part_202003 values less than(‘202004010000000000000‘), 
partition part_202004 values less than(‘202005010000000000000‘), 
partition part_max values less than(maxvalue) 
);

STEP3：執行在線重定義

exec dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table(‘LIJIAMAN‘, ‘BSTEST‘, ‘BSTEST_TMP‘);

備註：該步驟執行時間較長，3.7GB的表執行了60s

STEP4：將中間表的內容與數據源同步

execute dbms_redefinition.sync_interim_table(‘LIJIAMAN‘, ‘BSTEST‘, ‘BSTEST_TMP‘);

STEP5：結束在線重定義

exec dbms_redefinition.finish_redef_table(‘LIJIAMAN‘, ‘BSTEST‘, ‘BSTEST_TMP‘);

STEP6：創建index、創建約束，兩種方法創建速度差不多

alter session set db_file_multiblock_read_count=128; 
alter table BSTEST add constraint BSPANELPROCESSDATAITEM_PKS primary key(timekey,itemname,sitename) using index local tablespace users;

STEP7：收集統計信息

exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>‘LIJIAMAN‘, tabname=>‘BSTEST‘, method_opt=> ‘FOR ALL INDEXED COLUMNS‘, estimate_percent => 10, cascade=>true);

備註：該步驟執行時間較長，3.7GB的表執行了36s，如果嫌慢，可以並行收集

STEP8：確認無誤之後，刪除STEP2創建的中間表

drop table BSTEST_TMP;

如果要了解在線重定義的詳細用法及使用註意事項，可參閱官方文檔：
1. https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e25494/tables.htm#ADMIN11677
2. How To Partition Existing Table Using DBMS_REDEFINITION (文檔 ID 472449.1)

Oracle在線重定義(online redefinition)--將普通表改為分區表