Given an array of integers A, find the sum of min(B), where B ranges over every (contiguous) subarray of A.

Since the answer may be large, return the answer modulo 10^9 + 7.

Example 1:

Input: [3,1,2,4]
Output: 17
Explanation: Subarrays are [3], [1], [2], [4], [3,1], [1,2], [2,4], [3,1,2], [1,2,4], [3,1,2,4]. 
Minimums are 3, 1, 2, 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1.  Sum is 17.
 
 

Note:

1. 1 <= A.length <= 30000
2. 1 <= A[i] <= 30000

給定一個整數數組 A，找到 min(B) 的總和，其中 B 的範圍為 A 的每個（連續）子數組。

由於答案可能很大，因此返回答案模 10^9 + 7。

示例：

輸入：[3,1,2,4]
輸出：17
解釋：
子數組為 [3]，[1]，[2]，[4]，[3,1]，[1,2]，[2,4]，[3,1,2]，[1,2,4]，[3,1,2,4]。 
最小值為 3，1，2，4，1，1，2，1，1，1，和為 17。 

提示：

1. 1 <= A <= 30000
2. 1 <= A[i] <= 30000

 1 class Solution {
 2     func sumSubarrayMins(_ A: [Int]) -> Int {
 3         var stack:[Int] = [Int]()
 4         var n:Int = A.count
 5         var res:Int = 0
 6         var mod:Int = Int(1e9 + 7)
 7         var j:Int = 0
 8         var k:Int = 0
 

 9         for i in 0...n
10         {
11             while (!stack.isEmpty && A[stack.last!] > (i == n ? 0 : A[i]))
12             {
13                 j = stack.removeLast()
14                 k = stack.isEmpty ? -1 : stack.last!
15                 res = (res + A[j] * (i - j) * (j - k)) % mod
16             }
17             stack.append(i)
18         }
19         return res
20     }
21 }

608ms

 1 class Solution {
 2     func sumSubarrayMins(_ A: [Int]) -> Int {
 3         let m = 1000000007
 4         let A = A + [Int.min]
 5         var ascend = [Int]()
 6         var res = 0
 7         for i in 0..<A.count {
 8             while !ascend.isEmpty && A[ascend.last!] > A[i] {
 9                 let k = ascend.popLast()!
10                 let j = ascend.last ?? -1
11                 res += A[k] * (i - k) * (k - j)
12             }
13             res = res % m
14             ascend.append(i)
15         }
16         return res
17     }
18 }

12108ms

 1 class Solution {
 2     func sumSubarrayMins(_ A: [Int]) -> Int {
 3         if A.isEmpty {
 4             return 0
 5         }
 6         
 7         let n = A.count, MOD = 1000000007
 8         var s = [Int]()
 9         // sum of subarray mins ending with A[i]
10         var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) 
11         // 3 1 2 4 5 1
12         for i in 0..<n {
13             dp[i] = (dp[i] + A[i]) % MOD
14             if i == 0 {
15                 continue
16             }
17             if A[i-1] < A[i] {
18                 dp[i] = (dp[i] + dp[i-1]) % MOD
19             } else {
20                 var j = i-1
21                 while j >= 0 && A[j] > A[i] {
22                     j -= 1
23                 }
24                 dp[i] = (dp[i] + A[i] * (i-j-1)) % MOD
25                 if j >= 0 {
26                     dp[i] = (dp[i] + dp[j]) % MOD
27                 }
28             }
29         }
30         var res = 0
31         for sum in dp {
32             res = (res + sum) % MOD
33         }
34         return res
35     }
36 }

[Swift]LeetCode907. 子數組的最小值之和 | Sum of Subarray Minimums