[轉載]關於laravel中表關系的一對一、一對多、多對一、多對多實踐
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-04-27
對象 foreign 主鍵 fault pri create 密碼 names ace
這是轉載的文章
出處：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38112233/article/details/79220535
作者：重新遇到
一。建表和插入測試數據
1.用戶表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user`; CREATE TABLE `it_user` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ‘主鍵‘, `name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ‘用戶名‘, `password` char(32) DEFAULTNULL COMMENT ‘密碼(不使用md5)‘, `country_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `國家id` (`country_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘xiaoming‘, ‘123456‘, ‘1‘); INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘xiaomei‘, ‘123456‘, ‘1‘); INSERT INTO `it_user` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘xiaoli-new‘, ‘123‘, ‘1‘);
2.用戶詳情表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user_info`; CREATE TABLE `it_user_info` ( `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `tel` char(11) DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `addr` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘13012345678‘, ‘[email protected]‘, ‘北京‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘15923456789‘, ‘[email protected]‘, ‘上海‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_info` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘18973245670‘, ‘[email protected]‘, ‘武漢‘);
3文章表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_article`; CREATE TABLE `it_article` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `title` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `content` text, `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `user_id` (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘世界那麽大，我想去看看‘, ‘錢包那麽小，總是不夠‘, ‘1‘); INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘我想撞角遇到愛‘, ‘卻是碰到鬼‘, ‘2‘); INSERT INTO `it_article` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘哈哈哈哈‘, ‘嘻嘻嘻嘻‘, ‘1‘);
4.國家表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_country`; CREATE TABLE `it_country` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_country` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘中國‘); INSERT INTO `it_country` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘美國‘);
5.用戶角色表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_role`; CREATE TABLE `it_role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘開發‘); INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘測試‘); INSERT INTO `it_role` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘管理‘);
6.用戶和角色中間表表建表及測試數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `it_user_role`; CREATE TABLE `it_user_role` ( `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, KEY `role_id` (`role_id`), KEY `user_id` (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
插入測試數據
INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘1‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘2‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘3‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘1‘); INSERT INTO `it_user_role` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘2‘);
二設置表前綴
打開config/database.php
‘prefix‘ => env(‘DB_PREFIX‘, ‘‘),
然後在.env文件中加入DB_PREFIX=it_
執行命令
php artisan make:controller ORM\UserController
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers\ORM; use Illuminate\Http\Request; use App\Http\Controllers\Controller; class UserController extends Controller { public function relation($mode) { switch ($mode){ case ‘1_1‘: { //一對一 } break; case ‘1_n‘: { //一對多 } break; case ‘n_1‘: { //多對一 } break; case ‘n_n‘: { //多對多 } break; default; } } }
php artisan make:model UserModel
Model created successfully.
<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class UserModel extends Model { protected $table = ‘user‘;//真是表名 protected $primaryKey = ‘id‘;//主鍵字段，默認為id protected $fillable = [‘name‘,‘password‘];//可以操作的字段 public $timestamps = false;//如果數據表中沒有created_at和updated_id字段，則$timestamps則可以不設置，默認為true public function Userinfo() { /* * @param [string] [name] [需要關聯的模型類名] * @param [string] [foreign] [參數一指定數據表中的字段] * */ return $this->hasOne(‘App\Userinfo‘,‘user_id‘); } }
php artisan make:model Userinfo
Model created successfully.
<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Userinfo extends Model { protected $table = ‘user_info‘; protected $primaryKey = ‘user_id‘; protected $fillable = [‘user_id‘,‘tel‘,‘email‘,‘addr‘]; public $timestamps = false; }
添加路由
Route::get(‘/orm/relation/{mode}‘,‘ORM\[email protected]‘);
三。編寫UserController, 調用一對一方法
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers\ORM; use App\UserModel; use Illuminate\Http\Request; use App\Http\Controllers\Controller; class UserController extends Controller { public function relation($mode) { switch ($mode){ case ‘1_1‘: { //一對一 $data = UserModel::find(1)->Userinfo()->get(); dd($data); } break; case ‘1_n‘: { //一對多 } break; case ‘n_1‘: { //多對一 } break; case ‘n_n‘: { //多對多 } break; default; } } }
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/1_1
php artisan make:model Article
Model created successfully.
編寫Article模型
<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Article extends Model { protected $table = ‘article‘; protected $primaryKey = ‘id‘; protected $fillable = [‘id‘,‘title‘,‘content‘,‘user_id‘]; public $timestamps = false; }
編寫UserModel, 加入一對多方法
public function Artice() { return $this->hasMany(‘App\Article‘,‘User_id‘); }
編寫UserController,調用一對多方法
case ‘1_n‘: { //一對多 $data = UserModel::find(1)->Artice()->get(); dd($data); } break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/1_n
php artisan make:model Country
Model created successfully.
、編寫country模型文件
<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Country extends Model { protected $table = ‘country‘; //真實表名 protected $primaryKey = "id"; //主鍵id protected $fillable = [‘id‘,‘name‘]; //允許操作的字段 public $timestamps =false; //如果數據表中沒有created_at和updated_id字段，則$timestamps則可以不設置，默認為true }
編寫UserModel, 加入多對一方法
public function Country() { return $this->belongsTo(‘App\Country‘,‘country_id‘); }
編寫UserController, 調用方法
case ‘n_1‘: { //多對一 //多對一 $data = UserModel::find(1)->Country()->get(); dd($data); } break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/n_1
1、創建role模型對象
執行命令
php artisan make:model Role
執行命令
php artisan make:model User_role
2、編寫Role模型
namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Role extends Model { protected $table = ‘role‘; protected $primaryKey = "id"; protected $fillable = [‘name‘]; public $timestamps =false; }
編寫User_role模型
因為表中沒有主鍵字段，所以需要兩個字段即可
<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class User_role extends Model { protected $table = ‘user_role‘; public $timestamps =false; }
3、編寫UserModel, 加入多對多方法
public function Role(){ /* * 第一個參數：要關聯的表對應的類 * 第二個參數：中間表的表名 * 第三個參數：當前表跟中間表對應的外鍵 * 第四個參數：要關聯的表跟中間表對應的外鍵 * */ return $this->belongsToMany(‘App\Role‘,‘user_role‘,‘user_id‘,‘role_id‘); }
4、編寫UserController, 調用多對多方法
case ‘n_n‘: { //多對多 $data = UserModel::find(2)->Role()->get(); dd($data); } break;
http://127.0.0.1/fun/public/orm/relation/n_n
[轉載]關於laravel中表關系的一對一、一對多、多對一、多對多實踐