MSMQ消息隊列
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-05-13
style 解耦 沒有 先進先出 helper inpu spa sage XML
1.什麽是消息隊列
消息隊列是消息的傳輸過程中保存消息的容器。
在項目中使用消息隊列,可以對消息提供方和消息消費方進行解耦,提高系統的靈活性和可拓展性。
先創建隊列,再使用隊列,隊列中的消息,發送一個多一個,接收一個少一個,先進先出。
2.安裝
安裝完後,打開任務管理器->服務
看看有沒有這兩個東西(消息隊列、消息隊列觸發器),如果沒有自動運行,就手動給跑一下
3.創建消息隊列
這裏使用wcf演示
新建wcf 應用
創建一個類MQHelper
using System; using System.Messaging;namespace WpfApp1 { public class MQHelper { /// <summary> /// 創建一個消息隊列 /// </summary> /// <param name="name">消息隊列的名稱</param> /// <returns>是否創建成功</returns> public static bool CreateNewMQ(string name) {if (!MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name)) { MessageQueue mq = MessageQueue.Create(".\\private$\\" + name); mq.Label = "private$\\" + name; return true; } else { return false; } } /// <summary> /// 刪除一個消息隊列 /// </summary> /// <param name="name">消息隊列的名稱</param> /// <returns>是否創建成功</returns> public static bool DeleteNewMQ(string name) { if (!MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name)) { MessageQueue.Delete(".\\private$\\" + name); return true; } else { return false; } } /// <summary> /// 發送消息到指定消息隊列 /// </summary> /// <param name="mq_name">消息隊列名稱</param> /// <param name="msg_lable">消息頭</param> /// <param name="msg_body">消息體</param> public static void SendMessage(string mq_name, string msg_lable, string msg_body) { MessageQueue mq = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\" + mq_name); Message message = new Message(); message.Label = msg_lable; message.Body = msg_body; mq.Send(message); } /// <summary> /// 從指定消息隊列獲取第一條消息 /// </summary> /// <param name="mq_name">消息隊列名稱</param> /// <returns>Message</returns> public static Message ReceiveMessage(string mq_name) { MessageQueue mq = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\" + mq_name); if (mq.GetAllMessages().Length > 0) { Message message = mq.Receive(); if (message != null) { message.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) }); } return message; } else { return null; } } } }
設計MainWindows
<Grid> <TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="26" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="681" Name="inputText" Margin="5,3,0,0"/> <Button Content="Send" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Margin="699,7,0,0" Name="btn_Send" Click="btn_Send_Click"/> <TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="370" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="678" Margin="4,36,0,0" Name="outputText"/> <Button Content="ShowWindows1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Margin="701,54,0,0" x:Name="btn_ShowWindows1" Click="btn_ShowWindows1_Click"/> </Grid>
後臺代碼:
using System; using System.Timers; using System.Windows; namespace WpfApp1 { /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互邏輯 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { private static readonly string mq_name = "textMQ"; public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); MQHelper.CreateNewMQ(mq_name); Timer timer = new Timer(10000); timer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(flash); timer.Start(); } private void btn_Send_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { string mq_content = inputText.Text; //發送一條消息到消息隊列 MQHelper.SendMessage(mq_name, "test", mq_content); inputText.Text = ""; } //循環獲取消息隊列中的消息,並展現到TextBox中 private void flash(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e) { var message = MQHelper.ReceiveMessage(mq_name); if (message != null) { Action hide = delegate () { outputText.Text += message.Id + " " + message.Label + " " + message.Body + "\n"; }; this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(hide); } } private void btn_ShowWindows1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { Window1 window = new Window1(); window.Show(); } } }
運行,我們用send手動給消息隊列發送消息
並每隔十秒接收一次(outputText展示)
消息隊列的消息被接收後就會清空,所以,當我們再打開一個窗口一起接收,消息就會分散開來給兩個窗口
MSMQ消息隊列