PredictionIO:開源的推薦系統
PredictionIO 是一個用Scala編寫的開源機器學習伺服器應用,可以幫助你方便地使用RESTFul API搭建推薦引擎。 PredictionIO的核心使用的是一個可伸縮的機器學習庫,基於Spark一個完整的端到端Pipeline,讓使用者可以非常簡單的從零開始搭建一個推薦系統。 "
PredictionIO 是由三個元件所組成:
- PredictionIO platform
- Event Server: 收集來自應用程式的資料,可以是即時也可以定時。
- Engine: 訓練模型,並且將結果以 Restful API 提供查詢。

Install
官方有提供快速的一鍵安裝方法,當然也可以手動安裝。
$ bash -c "$(curl -s https://install.prediction.io/install.sh)" $ PATH=$PATH:/home/yourname/PredictionIO/bin; export PATH 複製程式碼
透過以下指定可以檢查是否安裝成功,會回傳每一種套件所連線的狀況
$ pio status ### Return: [INFO] [Console$] Inspecting PredictionIO... [INFO] [Console$] PredictionIO 0.9.6 is installed at ... [INFO] [Console$] Inspecting Apache Spark... [INFO] [Console$] Apache Spark is installed at ... [INFO] [Console$] Apache Spark 1.6.0 detected ... [INFO] [Console$] Inspecting storage backend connections... [INFO] [Storage$] Verifying Meta Data Backend (Source: MYSQL)... [INFO] [Storage$] Verifying Model Data Backend (Source: MYSQL)... [INFO] [Storage$] Verifying Event Data Backend (Source: MYSQL)... [INFO] [Storage$] Test writing to Event Store (App Id 0)... [INFO] [Console$] (sleeping 5 seconds for all messages to show up...) [INFO] [Console$] Your system is all ready to go. 複製程式碼
Quick Start
Step 1. Run PredictionIO
先執行 PredictionIO 主程式,針對不同的儲存器,有不同的執行方法。
$ pio eventserver & # If you are using PostgreSQL or MySQL, run the following to start PredictionIO Event Server or $ pio-start-all # If instead you are running HBase and Elasticsearch, run the following to start all PredictionIO Event Server, HBase, and Elasticsearch 複製程式碼
Step 2. Create a new Engine from an Engine Template
選擇Engine Templates 一個適合的 Engine。
$ pio template get <template-repo-path> <your-app-directory> $ cd MyRecommendation 複製程式碼
可以從Engine Templates 選擇,也可以自定義,在這邊我們使用 Universal Recommender
作為範例。
Step 3. Generate an App ID and Access Key
執行指定從 Engine 產生一個 APP 並取得對應的 Key。
$ pio app new MyRecommendation ### Return: [INFO] [App$] Initialized Event Store for this app ID: 1. [INFO] [App$] Created new app: [INFO] [App$] Name: MyRecommendation [INFO] [App$] ID: 1 [INFO] [App$] Access Key: ... $ pio app list ### Return: [INFO] [App$] Name | ID | Access Key | Allowed Event(s) [INFO] [App$] MyRecommendation | 1 | ... | (all) [INFO] [App$] Finished listing 1 app(s). 複製程式碼
Step 4. Collecting Data
接著要匯入資料,最基本的推薦演演算法(Cooperative Filtering, CF)格式支元: user
- action
- item
三種元素。使用 data/import_eventserver.py
可以將符合格式的資料匯入資料庫。
$ curl <sample_data> --create-dirs -o data/<sample_data> $ python data/import_eventserver.py --access_key <access-key> 複製程式碼
... 0::2::3 0::3::1 3::9::4 6::9::1 ... 複製程式碼
Step 5. Deploy the Engine as a Service
在部署應用程式之前,先在 Engine.json 中設定基礎資料,像是 appName 或是演演算法要執行幾次之類的。
... "datasource": { "params" : { "appName": MyRecommendation # make sure the appName parameter match your App Name } }, ... 複製程式碼
部署系統到 Web Service 時,過程中分成三個步驟: pio build -> pio train -> pio deploy Building 負責準備 Spark 的基礎環境及資料準備。 Training 負責執行演演算法建模。 Deployment 則是將結果執行在 Web Service 上,並以 Restful API 開放。
- Bulid and Training the Predictive Model
$ pio build ### Return: [INFO] [Console$] Your engine is ready for training. $ pio train ### Return: [INFO] [CoreWorkflow$] Training completed successfully. $ pio deploy ### Return: [INFO] [HttpListener] Bound to /0.0.0.0:8000 [INFO] [MasterActor] Bind successful. Ready to serve. 複製程式碼
Step 6. Use the Engine
然後就是執行了,預設會開在 port 8000,引數輸入 使用者
即要推薦的 商品數量
。
$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{ "user": "1", "num": 4 }' https://localhost:8000/queries.json ### Retnrn: { "itemScores":[ {"item":"22","score":4.072304374729956}, {"item":"62","score":4.058482414005789}, {"item":"75","score":4.046063009943821}, {"item":"68","score":3.8153661512945325} ] } 複製程式碼