滴滴開源Android外掛化框架VirtualAPK原理分析

開源安卓開發 · 發表 2019-01-25 23:03:52

摘要：概述滴滴出行公司的首個對外開源專案 - VirtualAPK。地址： https://github.com/didi/VirtualAPK 滴滴自行研發了這款外掛化框架，功能全面、相容性好，還能夠適用於有耦合的業務外掛，這就是VirtualAPK存在的意義。業內認為，在載入耦合外...

概述

滴滴出行公司的首個對外開源專案 - VirtualAPK。地址： https://github.com/didi/VirtualAPK

滴滴自行研發了這款外掛化框架，功能全面、相容性好，還能夠適用於有耦合的業務外掛，這就是VirtualAPK存在的意義。業內認為，在載入耦合外掛方面，VirtualAPK可以說是開源方案的首選。據說滴滴打車裡面已經用上了，所以還是有必要一探究竟的~~

VirtualAPK 的工作流程如圖所示：

image.png

VirtualAPK 對於外掛沒有額外的約束，原生的 apk 即可作為一個外掛。外掛工程編譯生成 apk 後，通過宿主 App 載入，每個外掛 apk 被載入後，都會在宿主中建立一個單獨的 LoadedPlugin 物件。如上圖所示，通過這些 LoadedPlugin

物件，VirtualAPK 就可以管理外掛並賦予外掛新的意義，使其可以像手機中安裝過的App一樣執行。

Activity 支援

Hook ActivityManagerService

外掛化支援首先要解決的一點就是外掛裡的Activity並未在宿主程式的 AndroidMainfest.xml 註冊，常規方法肯定無法直接啟動外掛的Activity，這個時候就需要去了解Activity的啟動流程。

從上文中可知， Activity 啟動實際上是呼叫了 Instrumentation.execStartActivity 這個方法。原始碼如下：

public ActivityResult execStartActivity(Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
synchronized (mSync) {
final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) { //先查詢一遍看是否存在這個activity
final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
am.mHits++;
if (am.isBlocking()) {
return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess();
//這裡才是真正開啟activity的地方，其核心功能在whoThread中完成。
int result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent); // 處理各種異常，如ActivityNotFound
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
return null;
}

可見， startActivity 最終通過 ActivityManagerNative.getDefault() 遠端呼叫了AMS的startActivity方法， ActivityManagerNative 實際上就是 ActivityManagerService 這個遠端物件的 Binder 代理物件，每次需要與AMS互動時，需要通過這個 Binder 物件完成遠端IPC呼叫。

// ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
static public IActivityManager getDefault() {
return gDefault.get();
}

private static final Singleton<iactivitymanager> gDefault = 
new Singleton<iactivitymanager>() {
protected IActivityManager create() {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity");
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
}
IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
}
return am;
}
};

從這我們可以知道， ActivityManagerNative.getDefault() 實際上是返回了一個 IActivityManager 的單例物件。

那麼，VirtualApk 所要做的第一件事，就是把這個 AMS 代理物件儲存起來。首先，我們可以看一下 VirtualApk 核心庫裡面 com.didi.virtualapk.PluginManager 這個類的初始化：

// 構造方法
private PluginManager(Context context) {
Context app = context.getApplicationContext();
if (app == null) {
this.mContext = context;
} else {
this.mContext = ((Application)app).getBaseContext();
}
prepare();
}

// 初始化
private void prepare() {
Systems.sHostContext = getHostContext();
this.hookInstrumentationAndHandler();
this.hookSystemServices();
}

/**
 * Hook 出一個IActivityManager，也就是 AMS 的代理物件
 */
private void hookSystemServices() {
try {
// 反射呼叫 ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()，實際上這在6.0中是公開的靜態方法，反射可能是考慮到版本相容性吧？
Singleton<IActivityManager> defaultSingleton = (Singleton<IActivityManager>) ReflectUtil.getField(ActivityManagerNative.class, null, "gDefault");
// 通過動態代理的方式去建立代理物件，之後所有ActivityManagerNative中的方法被呼叫的時候都會經過這個代理
IActivityManager activityManagerProxy = ActivityManagerProxy.newInstance(this, defaultSingleton.get());

// Hook IActivityManager from ActivityManagerNative，實際上就是把 ActivityManagerNative 替換為剛建立的 activityManagerProxy
ReflectUtil.setField(defaultSingleton.getClass().getSuperclass(), defaultSingleton, "mInstance", activityManagerProxy);

if (defaultSingleton.get() == activityManagerProxy) {
// 兩者一樣，儲存下來
this.mActivityManager = activityManagerProxy;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

實際上除了 startActivity 是呼叫 AMS 的方法以外， startService ， bindService 等方法，最終呼叫到AMS的裡的方法，這個我們在動態代理類 com.didi.virtualapk.delegate.ActivityManagerProxy 也可以找到：

@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
if ("startService".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
// 執行自定義的 startService 過程，後面會提到
return startService(proxy, method, args);
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Start service error", e);
}
} else if ("stopService".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
return stopService(proxy, method, args);
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Stop Service error", e);
}
} else if ("stopServiceToken".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
return stopServiceToken(proxy, method, args);
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Stop service token error", e);
}
} else if ("bindService".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
return bindService(proxy, method, args);
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if ("unbindService".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
return unbindService(proxy, method, args);
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if ("getIntentSender".equals(method.getName())) {
try {
getIntentSender(method, args);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if ("overridePendingTransition".equals(method.getName())){
try {
overridePendingTransition(method, args);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

try {
// sometimes system binder has problems.
return method.invoke(this.mActivityManager, args);
} catch (Throwable th) {
Throwable c = th.getCause();
if (c != null && c instanceof DeadObjectException) {
// retry connect to system binder
IBinder ams = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
if (ams != null) {
IActivityManager am = ActivityManagerNative.asInterface(ams);
mActivityManager = am;
}
}

Throwable cause = th;
do {
if (cause instanceof RemoteException) {
throw cause;
}
} while ((cause = cause.getCause()) != null);

throw c != null ? c : th;
}

}

所以實際上就等同於我們重寫了一些 Activity 、 Service 的相關操作。具體做些什麼，後面會提到~

Hook Instrumentation

回過頭去看看 Instrumentation.execStartActivity 這個方法，在最後有這麼一句程式碼：

checkStartActivityResult(result, intent); // 處理各種異常，如ActivityNotFound

static void checkStartActivityResult(int res, Object intent) {
if (res >= ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS) {
return;
}

switch (res) {
case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED:
case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND:
if (intent instanceof Intent && ((Intent)intent).getComponent() != null)
throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
"Unable to find explicit activity class "
+ ((Intent)intent).getComponent().toShortString()
+ "; have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?");
throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
"No Activity found to handle " + intent);
case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED:
throw new SecurityException("Not allowed to start activity "
+ intent);
case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT:
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(
"FORWARD_RESULT_FLAG used while also requesting a result");
case ActivityManager.START_NOT_ACTIVITY:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"PendingIntent is not an activity");
default:
throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Unknown error code "
+ res + " when starting " + intent);
}
}

相信大家對上面的這些異常資訊不陌生吧，其中最熟悉的非 Unable to find explicit activity class 莫屬了，如果 Activity 沒有在 AndroidMainfest.xml 註冊，將會丟擲此異常。

那麼就得思考一個問題了，外掛的 Activity 並未在宿主程式的 AndroidMainfest.xml 註冊，要如何才能繞過這一層檢測？

前文中提到， com.didi.virtualapk.PluginManager 這個類的初始化的時候，除了 Hook 出一個 AMS 代理物件以外，還 Hook 出一個 Instrumentation 物件。程式碼如下：

private void hookInstrumentationAndHandler() {
try {
Instrumentation baseInstrumentation = ReflectUtil.getInstrumentation(this.mContext);
if (baseInstrumentation.getClass().getName().contains("lbe")) {
// reject executing in paralell space, for example, lbe.
System.exit(0);
}

// 建立自定義的 instrumentation，重寫了 newActivity() 等一些方法
// baseInstrumentation 後面還會用到，也儲存下來
final VAInstrumentation instrumentation = new VAInstrumentation(this, baseInstrumentation);

// 獲取 ActivityThread 的例項
Object activityThread = ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(this.mContext);

// 用自定義的 instrumentation 替換掉 ActivityThread 裡面的 instrumentation
ReflectUtil.setInstrumentation(activityThread, instrumentation);
ReflectUtil.setHandlerCallback(this.mContext, instrumentation);
this.mInstrumentation = instrumentation;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

既然 Activity 的啟動，中間走了 Instrumentation.execStartActivity 這個方法，那麼我們大概可以知道，Hook 出一個 Instrumentation 物件用來做什麼了，實際上就是用來幫助啟動外掛的 Activity 。

啟動外掛Activity

我們 Hook 了一個 VAInstrumentation 以替代系統的 Instrumentation ，這樣當系統通過 ActivityThread 呼叫它的的成員變數 mInstrumentation 的 newActivity() 等方法的時候，實際是呼叫我們 VAInstrumentation 的 newActivity() 。

實際上對於外掛 Activity 啟動，採用的是宿主 manifest 中佔坑的方式來繞過系統校驗，然後再載入真正的activity。

什麼是佔坑？就是構造一系列假的 Activity 替身，在 AndroidMainfest.xml 裡面進行註冊，以繞過檢測，然後到了真正啟動 Activity 的時候，再把它變回，去啟動真正的目標 Activity 。那麼這一步是怎麼做的呢？

我們可以開啟核心庫裡面的 AndroidMainfest.xml 看看：

<application>
<!-- Stub Activities -->
<activity android:name=".A$1" android:launchMode="standard"/>
<activity android:name=".A$2" android:launchMode="standard"
android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent" />

<!-- Stub Activities -->
<activity android:name=".B$1" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$2" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$3" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$4" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$5" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$6" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$7" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
<activity android:name=".B$8" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>

<!-- Stub Activities -->
<activity android:name=".C$1" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$2" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$3" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$4" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$5" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$6" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$7" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
<activity android:name=".C$8" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>

<!-- Stub Activities -->
<activity android:name=".D$1" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$2" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$3" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$4" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$5" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$6" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$7" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
<activity android:name=".D$8" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>

</application>

可以發現，在清單裡面註冊了一堆假的 StubActivity 。 ABCD分別對應不同的啟動模式，那麼，我們啟動外掛的 Activity 的時候，是如何把它改為清單裡面已註冊的這些假的 Activity 名呢？

在 VAInstrumentation 裡面，重寫了 startActivity 的必經之路，就是 execStartActivity() 方法：

public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {

// 這裡面做了一系列操作，實際上就是查詢外掛裡面第一個符合隱式條件的第一個ResolveInfo，並設定進intent
mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().transformIntentToExplicitAsNeeded(intent);
// null component is an implicitly intent
if (intent.getComponent() != null) {
Log.i(TAG, String.format("execStartActivity[%s : %s]", intent.getComponent().getPackageName(),
intent.getComponent().getClassName()));
// ！！！ 重頭戲在這裡，用那些註冊的假的StubActivity來替換真實的Activity，以繞過檢測 ！！！
this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().markIntentIfNeeded(intent);
}

ActivityResult result = realExecStartActivity(who, contextThread, token, target,
intent, requestCode, options);

return result;

}

private ActivityResult realExecStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
ActivityResult result = null;
try {
Class[] parameterTypes = {Context.class, IBinder.class, IBinder.class, Activity.class, Intent.class,
int.class, Bundle.class};
result = (ActivityResult)ReflectUtil.invoke(Instrumentation.class, mBase,
"execStartActivity", parameterTypes,
who, contextThread, token, target, intent, requestCode, options);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

return result;
}

那麼，是如何替換 StubActivity 的呢？跟進程式碼：

public void markIntentIfNeeded(Intent intent) {
if (intent.getComponent() == null) {
return;
}

String targetPackageName = intent.getComponent().getPackageName();
String targetClassName = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
// 判斷是否是啟動外掛的Activity
if (!targetPackageName.equals(mContext.getPackageName()) && mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(targetPackageName) != null) {
// 做標記
intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_IS_PLUGIN, true);
// 儲存真實的意圖
intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_TARGET_PACKAGE, targetPackageName);
intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_TARGET_ACTIVITY, targetClassName);
dispatchStubActivity(intent);
}
}

/**
 * 真正的轉換就在這裡。根據啟動模式，轉換對應的 StubActivity
 */
private void dispatchStubActivity(Intent intent) {
ComponentName component = intent.getComponent();
String targetClassName = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
LoadedPlugin loadedPlugin = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(intent);
ActivityInfo info = loadedPlugin.getActivityInfo(component);
if (info == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("can not find " + component);
}
int launchMode = info.launchMode;
// 臨時替換主題
Resources.Theme themeObj = loadedPlugin.getResources().newTheme();
themeObj.applyStyle(info.theme, true);

// 實際上就是這一句，完成轉換
String stubActivity = mStubActivityInfo.getStubActivity(targetClassName, launchMode, themeObj);
Log.i(TAG, String.format("dispatchStubActivity,[%s -> %s]", targetClassName, stubActivity));
intent.setClassName(mContext, stubActivity);
}

繼續跟進程式碼：

class StubActivityInfo {
public static final int MAX_COUNT_STANDARD = 1;
public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLETOP = 8;
public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLETASK = 8;
public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLEINSTANCE = 8;

public static final String corePackage = "com.didi.virtualapk.core";

// 這個格式，就是那些假的Activity的名字
public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD = "%s.A$%d";
public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETOP = "%s.B$%d";
public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETASK = "%s.C$%d";
public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLEINSTANCE = "%s.D$%d";

public final int usedStandardStubActivity = 1;
public int usedSingleTopStubActivity = 0;
public int usedSingleTaskStubActivity = 0;
public int usedSingleInstanceStubActivity = 0;

private HashMap<String, String> mCachedStubActivity = new HashMap<>();

/**
* 在這裡根據啟動模式及主題構造 StubActivity 
*/
public String getStubActivity(String className, int launchMode, Theme theme) {
String stubActivity= mCachedStubActivity.get(className);
if (stubActivity != null) {
return stubActivity;
}

TypedArray array = theme.obtainStyledAttributes(new int[]{
android.R.attr.windowIsTranslucent,
android.R.attr.windowBackground
});
boolean windowIsTranslucent = array.getBoolean(0, false);
array.recycle();
if (Constants.DEBUG) {
Log.d("StubActivityInfo", "getStubActivity, is transparent theme ? " + windowIsTranslucent);
}
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, usedStandardStubActivity);
switch (launchMode) {
case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_MULTIPLE: {
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, usedStandardStubActivity);
if (windowIsTranslucent) {
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, 2);
}
break;
}
case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TOP: {
usedSingleTopStubActivity = usedSingleTopStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLETOP + 1;
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETOP, corePackage, usedSingleTopStubActivity);
break;
}
case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK: {
usedSingleTaskStubActivity = usedSingleTaskStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLETASK + 1;
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETASK, corePackage, usedSingleTaskStubActivity);
break;
}
case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE: {
usedSingleInstanceStubActivity = usedSingleInstanceStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLEINSTANCE + 1;
stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLEINSTANCE, corePackage, usedSingleInstanceStubActivity);
break;
}

default:break;
}

mCachedStubActivity.put(className, stubActivity);
return stubActivity;
}

}

到這一步，就基本清晰了。同樣的，既然變為了 StubActivity ，那麼真正啟動的時候還得變回來才行。來看一下重寫後的 newActivity() 方法：

@Override
public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className, Intent intent) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
try {
cl.loadClass(className);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// 根據 intent 型別，去獲取相應的外掛
LoadedPlugin plugin = this.mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(intent);
// 這裡就是從Intent中取出我們剛才儲存的真正的意圖
String targetClassName = PluginUtil.getTargetActivity(intent);

Log.i(TAG, String.format("newActivity[%s : %s]", className, targetClassName));

if (targetClassName != null) {
// mBase 是未替換之前的 Instrumentation 物件，所以這個實際上是交給系統原先的 Instrumentation 物件去執行，所以這個模式其實也可以理解為與動態代理等同
// plugin.getClassLoader() 是自己構造的一個 DexClassLoader，專門用於載入對應的apk裡面的類
Activity activity = mBase.newActivity(plugin.getClassLoader(), targetClassName, intent);
activity.setIntent(intent);

try {
// for 4.1+
ReflectUtil.setField(ContextThemeWrapper.class, activity, "mResources", plugin.getResources());
} catch (Exception ignored) {
// ignored.
}

return activity;
}
}

return mBase.newActivity(cl, className, intent);
}

到這裡，外掛的 Activity 啟動流程分析，就基本結束了。細節方面，沒法一步到位，還需要大家邊看原始碼邊理解，這樣才能看得更透徹。

Service 支援

對於 Service 的支援，採用動態代理AMS，攔截 Service 相關的請求，將其中轉給Service Runtime去處理，Service Runtime會接管系統的所有操作。

對於我們動態代理AMS，在上一節 Activity支援中已經介紹過了，那麼，簡單的來看一下 ActivityManagerProxy 是如何啟動一個Service的。

在執行 startService 等方法的時候，AMS 代理物件會相應的來執行以下這些方法：

private Object startService(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
IApplicationThread appThread = (IApplicationThread) args[0];
Intent target = (Intent) args[1];
ResolveInfo resolveInfo = this.mPluginManager.resolveService(target, 0);
if (null == resolveInfo || null == resolveInfo.serviceInfo) {
// is host service
return method.invoke(this.mActivityManager, args);
}

return startDelegateServiceForTarget(target, resolveInfo.serviceInfo, null, RemoteService.EXTRA_COMMAND_START_SERVICE);
}

private ComponentName startDelegateServiceForTarget(Intent target, ServiceInfo serviceInfo, Bundle extras, int command) {
Intent wrapperIntent = wrapperTargetIntent(target, serviceInfo, extras, command);
return mPluginManager.getHostContext().startService(wrapperIntent);
}

private Intent wrapperTargetIntent(Intent target, ServiceInfo serviceInfo, Bundle extras, int command) {
// fill in service with ComponentName
target.setComponent(new ComponentName(serviceInfo.packageName, serviceInfo.name));
String pluginLocation = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(target.getComponent()).getLocation();

// 這裡進行判斷，看是交給 LocalService，還是 RemoteService 處理
// LocalService 和 RemoteService 分別對應是否在新的程序中啟動Activity
boolean local = PluginUtil.isLocalService(serviceInfo);
Class<? extends Service> delegate = local ? LocalService.class : RemoteService.class;
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(mPluginManager.getHostContext(), delegate);
intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_TARGET, target);

// 儲存一下這個的Command,對應執行不同操作
intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_COMMAND, command);
intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_PLUGIN_LOCATION, pluginLocation);
if (extras != null) {
intent.putExtras(extras);
}

return intent;
}

實際上包括我們呼叫 stopService() ，AMS 代理物件最後變換後的意圖，同樣也是上面程式碼的最後兩個個方法 startDelegateServiceForTarget 和 wrapperTargetIntent() ，只不過 command 不一樣。

所以本質上 AMS 作為代理，不管你執行啟動或者關閉外掛裡面的 Service，他都是呼叫 LocalService 或者 RemoteService 的 startService 方法，在 LocalService 或者 RemoteService 的 onStartCommand() 下，根據 command 進行相應的操作。那麼我們來看一下 LocalService 的 onStartCommand() 方法：

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
if (null == intent || !intent.hasExtra(EXTRA_TARGET) || !intent.hasExtra(EXTRA_COMMAND)) {
return START_STICKY;
}

Intent target = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_TARGET);
int command = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_COMMAND, 0);
if (null == target || command <= 0) {
return START_STICKY;
}

ComponentName component = target.getComponent();
LoadedPlugin plugin = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(component);

switch (command) {
case EXTRA_COMMAND_START_SERVICE: {
ActivityThread mainThread = (ActivityThread)ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(getBaseContext());
IApplicationThread appThread = mainThread.getApplicationThread();
Service service;

if (this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().isServiceAvailable(component)) {
service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getService(component);
} else {
try {
service = (Service) plugin.getClassLoader().loadClass(component.getClassName()).newInstance();

Application app = plugin.getApplication();
IBinder token = appThread.asBinder();
Method attach = service.getClass().getMethod("attach", Context.class, ActivityThread.class, String.class, IBinder.class, Application.class, Object.class);
IActivityManager am = mPluginManager.getActivityManager();

attach.invoke(service, plugin.getPluginContext(), mainThread, component.getClassName(), token, app, am);
service.onCreate();
this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().rememberService(component, service);
} catch (Throwable t) {
return START_STICKY;
}
}

service.onStartCommand(target, 0, this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getServiceCounter(service).getAndIncrement());
break;
}
case EXTRA_COMMAND_BIND_SERVICE: {
ActivityThread mainThread = (ActivityThread)ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(getBaseContext());
IApplicationThread appThread = mainThread.getApplicationThread();
Service service = null;

if (this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().isServiceAvailable(component)) {
service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getService(component);
} else {
try {
service = (Service) plugin.getClassLoader().loadClass(component.getClassName()).newInstance();

Application app = plugin.getApplication();
IBinder token = appThread.asBinder();
Method attach = service.getClass().getMethod("attach", Context.class, ActivityThread.class, String.class, IBinder.class, Application.class, Object.class);
IActivityManager am = mPluginManager.getActivityManager();

attach.invoke(service, plugin.getPluginContext(), mainThread, component.getClassName(), token, app, am);
service.onCreate();
this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().rememberService(component, service);
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
IBinder binder = service.onBind(target);
IBinder serviceConnection = PluginUtil.getBinder(intent.getExtras(), "sc");
IServiceConnection iServiceConnection = IServiceConnection.Stub.asInterface(serviceConnection);
iServiceConnection.connected(component, binder);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
case EXTRA_COMMAND_STOP_SERVICE: {
Service service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().forgetService(component);
if (null != service) {
try {
service.onDestroy();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to stop service " + service + ": " + e.toString());
}
} else {
Log.i(TAG, component + " not found");
}
break;
}
case EXTRA_COMMAND_UNBIND_SERVICE: {
Service service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().forgetService(component);
if (null != service) {
try {
service.onUnbind(target);
service.onDestroy();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to unbind service " + service + ": " + e.toString());
}
} else {
Log.i(TAG, component + " not found");
}
break;
}
}

return START_STICKY;
}

很顯然，在這裡面才對應去控制了外掛Service的生命週期。具體程式碼就留給大家分析吧~~

ContentProvider 支援

動態代理 IContentProvider ，攔截provider相關的請求，將其中轉給Provider Runtime去處理，Provider Runtime會接管系統的所有操作。

我們來看一下 com.didi.virtualapk.internal.PluginContentResolver 這個類：

public class PluginContentResolver extends ContentResolver {
private ContentResolver mBase;
private PluginManager mPluginManager;
private static Method sAcquireProvider;
private static Method sAcquireExistingProvider;
private static Method sAcquireUnstableProvider;

static {
try {
sAcquireProvider = ContentResolver.class.getDeclaredMethod("acquireProvider",
new Class[]{Context.class, String.class});
sAcquireProvider.setAccessible(true);
sAcquireExistingProvider = ContentResolver.class.getDeclaredMethod("acquireExistingProvider",
new Class[]{Context.class, String.class});
sAcquireExistingProvider.setAccessible(true);
sAcquireUnstableProvider = ContentResolver.class.getDeclaredMethod("acquireUnstableProvider",
new Class[]{Context.class, String.class});
sAcquireUnstableProvider.setAccessible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
//ignored
}
}

public PluginContentResolver(Context context) {
super(context);
mBase = context.getContentResolver();
mPluginManager = PluginManager.getInstance(context);
}

protected IContentProvider acquireProvider(Context context, String auth) {
try {
if (mPluginManager.resolveContentProvider(auth, 0) != null) {
// 在這裡，去 hook 一個 IContentProvider 代理物件
return mPluginManager.getIContentProvider();
}

return (IContentProvider) sAcquireProvider.invoke(mBase, context, auth);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

return null;
}

// ...
}

這個類是在構造 LoadedPlugin 的時候建立的 PluginContext 物件裡面的 getContentResolver() 裡面建立的。

class PluginContext extends ContextWrapper {

private final LoadedPlugin mPlugin;

public PluginContext(LoadedPlugin plugin) {
super(plugin.getPluginManager().getHostContext());
this.mPlugin = plugin;
}

@Override
public ContentResolver getContentResolver() {
// 建立代理支援
return new PluginContentResolver(getHostContext());
}
}

那麼，上面Hook 的 IContentProvider 代理物件，實際上是在 PluginManager 做的。

private void hookIContentProviderAsNeeded() {
Uri uri = Uri.parse(PluginContentResolver.getUri(mContext));
mContext.getContentResolver().call(uri, "wakeup", null, null);
try {
Field authority = null;
Field mProvider = null;
ActivityThread activityThread = (ActivityThread) ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(mContext);
Map mProviderMap = (Map) ReflectUtil.getField(activityThread.getClass(), activityThread, "mProviderMap");
Iterator iter = mProviderMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
Object key = entry.getKey();
Object val = entry.getValue();
String auth;
if (key instanceof String) {
auth = (String) key;
} else {
if (authority == null) {
authority = key.getClass().getDeclaredField("authority");
authority.setAccessible(true);
}
auth = (String) authority.get(key);
}
if (auth.equals(PluginContentResolver.getAuthority(mContext))) {
if (mProvider == null) {
mProvider = val.getClass().getDeclaredField("mProvider");
mProvider.setAccessible(true);
}
IContentProvider rawProvider = (IContentProvider) mProvider.get(val);
IContentProvider proxy = IContentProviderProxy.newInstance(mContext, rawProvider);
mIContentProvider = proxy;
Log.d(TAG, "hookIContentProvider succeed : " + mIContentProvider);
break;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

這一塊的內容，最好根據滴滴提供的Demo，再來看，比較容易理解。

Uri bookUri = Uri.parse("content://com.ryg.chapter_2.book.provider/book");
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("_id", 6);
values.put("name", "程式設計的藝術");

大綱與資料.png

高清視訊資料.jpg