1. 程式人生 > >Android的Message Pool是個什麽鬼,Message Pool會否引起OOM——源代碼角度分析

Android的Message Pool是個什麽鬼,Message Pool會否引起OOM——源代碼角度分析

頭部 mar mark 判斷 線程池 ets set ret 元素

引言

Android中,我們在線程之間通信傳遞通常採用Android的消息機制,而這機制傳遞的正是Message。

通常。我們使用Message.obtain()和Handler.obtainMessage()從Message Pool中獲取Message。避免直接構造Message。

  • 那麽Android會否由於Message Pool緩存的Message對象而造成OOM呢?

對於這個問題,我能夠明白的說APP***不會因Message Pool而OOM***。至於為什麽,能夠一步步往下看,心急的能夠直接看最後一節——Message Pool怎樣存放Message。

Obtain分析

Handler.obtainMessage()源代碼

    /**
     * Returns a new [email protected] android.os.Message Message} from the global message pool. More efficient than
     * creating and allocating new instances. The retrieved message has its handler set to this instance (Message.target == this).
     *  If you don‘t want that facility, just call Message.obtain() instead.
     */
public final Message obtainMessage() { return Message.obtain(this); }

顯然。Handler.obtain()是調用Message.obtain()來獲取的。那麽我門再來看下Message.obtain()源代碼

    /**
     * Return a new Message instance from the global pool. Allows us to
     * avoid allocating new objects in many cases.
     */
public static Message obtain() { synchronized (sPoolSync) { if (sPool != null) { Message m = sPool; sPool = m.next; m.next = null; m.flags = 0; // clear in-use flag sPoolSize--; return m; } } return new Message(); }

上述代碼給我們透露幾個個關鍵信息:
1. 學過一點數據結構的。從上面的代碼片基本就能判斷出sPool是一個鏈表結構。另外sPool本身就是Message
2. 若鏈表sPool不為空,那麽obtain()方法會從鏈表sPool頭部取出一個Message對象賦值給m,並作為返回值返回。否則。直接new一個Message對象。

劇透下這裏的sPool事實上就是Message Pool

Message Pool相關源代碼分析

Message Pool數據結構

public final class Message implements Parcelable {
    // sometimes we store linked lists of these things
    /*package*/ Message next;

    private static final Object sPoolSync = new Object();
    private static Message sPool;
    private static int sPoolSize = 0;

    private static final int MAX_POOL_SIZE = 50;
}

看到關鍵信息了沒?Message的成員有next、sPool和sPoolSize。這對於略微學過一點數據結構的,非常快就能判斷出這是一個典型的鏈表結構的實現。sPool就是一個全局的消息池即鏈表。next記錄鏈表中的下一個元素,sPoolSize記錄鏈表長度。MAX_POOL_SIZE表示鏈表的最大長度為50。

Message Pool怎樣存放Message

public final class Message implements Parcelable {
    private static boolean gCheckRecycle = true;

    /** @hide */
    public static void updateCheckRecycle(int targetSdkVersion) {
        if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
            gCheckRecycle = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return a Message instance to the global pool.
     * <p>
     * You MUST NOT touch the Message after calling this function because it has
     * effectively been freed.  It is an error to recycle a message that is currently
     * enqueued or that is in the process of being delivered to a Handler.
     * </p>
     */
    public void recycle() {
        if (isInUse()) {
            if (gCheckRecycle) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("This message cannot be recycled because it "
                        + "is still in use.");
            }
            return;
        }
        recycleUnchecked();
    }

    /**
     * Recycles a Message that may be in-use.
     * Used internally by the MessageQueue and Looper when disposing of queued Messages.
     */
    void recycleUnchecked() {
        // Mark the message as in use while it remains in the recycled object pool.
        // Clear out all other details.
        flags = FLAG_IN_USE;
        what = 0;
        arg1 = 0;
        arg2 = 0;
        obj = null;
        replyTo = null;
        sendingUid = -1;
        when = 0;
        target = null;
        callback = null;
        data = null;

        synchronized (sPoolSync) {
            if (sPoolSize < MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
                next = sPool;
                sPool = this;
                sPoolSize++;
            }
        }
    }
}

從代碼分析上看。消息池存放的核心方法就是上面的recycleUnchecked()方法:

  1. 將待回收的Message對象字段置空(避免因Message過大。使靜態的消息池內存泄漏)。因此不管原先的Message對象有多大。終於被緩存進Message Pool前都被置空,那麽這些緩存的Message對象所占內存大小對於一個app內存來說基本能夠忽略。所以說。Message Pool並不會造成App的OOM。

  2. 以內置鎖的方式(線程安全),判斷當前線程池的大小是否小於50。若小於50,直接將Mesaage插入到消息池鏈表尾部;若大於等於50。則直接丟棄掉。那麽這些被丟棄的Message將交由GC處理。

總結

  • Message Pool是一個鏈表的數據結構。本身就是Message中的靜態成員sPool(註。也是Message)

  • Message Pool不會由於緩存Message對象而造成OOM。

Android的Message Pool是個什麽鬼,Message Pool會否引起OOM——源代碼角度分析