由於ubuntu14.04/16.04都自帶了python2.7和python3.5，所以無需在安裝python。

如果需要安裝python3.6,則需要重新安裝

由於ubuntu14.04/16.04都自帶了python2.7和python3.5，所以無需在安裝python。

1、檢查python是否安裝：

~ whereis python

2、首先需要的是 pip：

~ sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools python3-dev sudo easy_install3 pip

安裝pip3

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

3、然後是 numpy：

~ pip3 install numpy

4、安裝依賴：

1）、~ sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

2）、sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

2. 安裝OpenCV3.3.1

（1）下載opencv和opencv_contrib，在剛才的終端中輸入：

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
去下載對應版本的opencv_contrib

會在home中發現有opencv和opencv_contrib兩個資料夾，則下載成功

（2）用cmake配置屬性（cpu版）：

首先資料夾opencv新建一個build資料夾

cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build   #開啟build資料夾

配置編譯opencv

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local  -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON  -D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -D PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.5 -D PYTHON_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.5m.so -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/data1/storage_proxy/deeplearning/dl_project/inceptionv3/data/opencv-3.1.0/opencv_contrib/modules -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/stubs -D CUDA_CUDA_LIBRARY=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/stubs/libcuda.so ..

該步成功，之後輸入：

make -j7 # 7個任務並行，加快安裝（親測，如果輸入的是make-j，電腦安裝慢，還宕機了，導致安裝失敗）

sudo make install

至此，安裝完成

如想要查詢安裝的版本

輸入：

python3

import cv2

cv2.__version__

可以得到：

**** 如果沒有出現上面的結果，出現ImportError: No module named cv2 報錯，

pip3 install opencv-python 可以解決這個問題

錯誤1：samples/gpu/CMakeFiles/example_gpu_hog.dir/build.make:122: recipe for target

這是因為編譯的時候沒有加入cuda-8.0路徑

解決辦法：cmake的時候加入-D CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/stubs -D CUDA_CUDA_LIBRARY=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/stubs/libcuda.so ..

錯誤2：In file included from /home/avtomaton/arbeit/sdk/cxx/opencv/build/modules/python2/pyopencv_generated_include.h:11:0,
from /home/avtomaton/arbeit/sdk/cxx/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:12:

/home/avtomaton/arbeit/sdk/cxx/opencv_contrib/modules/hdf/include/opencv2/hdf/hdf5.hpp:40:18: fatal error: hdf5.h: No such file or directory

解決辦法：into modules/python/common.cmake

# This file is included from a subdirectory
set(PYTHON_SOURCE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../")

ocv_add_module(${MODULE_NAME} BINDINGS)

became

# This file is included from a subdirectory
set(PYTHON_SOURCE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../")

find_package(HDF5)
include_directories(${HDF5_INCLUDE_DIRS})

ocv_add_module(${MODULE_NAME} BINDINGS)

python3.5中編譯opencv可能會出現以下錯誤：

錯誤：在編譯安裝opencv3.1時可能會報錯

1. modules/cudalegacy/CMakeFiles/opencv_cudalegacy.dir/build.make:290: recipe for target ‘modules/cudalegacy/CMakeFiles/opencv_cudalegacy.dir/src/graphcuts.cpp.o’ failed

2. make[2]: *** [modules/cudalegacy/CMakeFiles/opencv_cudalegacy.dir/src/graphcuts.cpp.o] Error

這是CUDA配置出錯。

解決辦法1：不用CUDA在cmake時設定-DWITH_CUDA=OFF

解決辦法2:GraphCut在cuda7.5中棄用，在cuda8.0中被移除。

修改 ～/opencv-3.1.0/modules/cudalegacy/src/graphcuts.cpp檔案 
把第45行修改成：

#if !defined (HAVE_CUDA) || defined (CUDA_DISABLER) || (CUDART_VERSION >= 8000)

即在 \#if !defined (HAVE_CUDA) || defined (CUDA_DISABLER) 加上 || (CUDART_VERSION >= 8000)

錯誤2：

opencv3.1+opencv_contrib編譯，cmake時候遇到下面問題：

[plain] view plain copy

print?

1. CMake Error at /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVUtils.cmake:895 (file):  
2.   file DOWNLOAD cannot open file for write.  
3. Call Stack (most recent call first):  
4.   /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv_contrib/modules/dnn_modern/CMakeLists.txt:20 (ocv_download)  
5.   
6.   
7. CMake Error at /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVUtils.cmake:899 (message):  
8.   Failed to download .  Status=  
9. Call Stack (most recent call first):  
10.   /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv_contrib/modules/dnn_modern/CMakeLists.txt:20 (ocv_download)  
11.   
12.   
13. -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!  
14. See also "/home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".  
15. See also "/home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".  

1. CMake Error at /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVUtils.cmake:895 (file):

2. file DOWNLOAD cannot open file for write.

3. Call Stack (most recent call first):

4. /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv_contrib/modules/dnn_modern/CMakeLists.txt:20 (ocv_download)

5.  
6.  

7. CMake Error at /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVUtils.cmake:899 (message):

8. Failed to download . Status=

9. Call Stack (most recent call first):

10. /home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv_contrib/modules/dnn_modern/CMakeLists.txt:20 (ocv_download)

11.  
12.  

13. -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

14. See also "/home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".

15. See also "/home/ubuntu/opencv3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".

需要把

[plain] view plain copy

print?

1. opencv_contrib/modules/dnn_modern/CMakeLists.txt 中的FILENAME替換為PACKAGE
2. 對應的**.cmake也中對應錯誤處 中的FILENAME替換為PACKAGE

同理，其他地方報錯，繼續如此替換即可！

參考連結：

1. Ubuntu16.04下安裝OpenCV3.2.0 - Arkenstone - 部落格園    http://www.cnblogs.com/arkenstone/p/6490017.html

2. OpenCV: Installation in Linux    https://docs.opencv.org/trunk/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html