VMware擴充套件Linux根目錄磁碟空間（Centos版本）
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-08
1、Centos 關機，選擇編輯虛擬機器設定，硬碟，在實用工具那裡選擇“擴充套件”，指定你需要的儲存大小
2、啟動客戶機作業系統Centos，檢視磁碟情況
輸入指令
fdisk -l顯示結果如下
Disk /dev/loop0: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/loop1: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda: 37.6 GB, 37580963840 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4568 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c8278 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root: 9135 MB, 9135194112 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1110 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/docker-253:0-264224-pool: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 65536 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
其中，可以看到現在的分割槽情況如下
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM3、建立分割槽 sda3
輸入指令
fdisk /dev/sda然後根據命令提示建立分割槽，具體見以下 # 後面的註釋
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n # 輸入 n 表示建立新分割槽 Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 3 # 輸入 3 表示sda3，因為前面已經有兩個了 First cylinder (1306-4568, default 1306): # 回車，按預設值 Using default value 1306 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1306-4568, default 4568): # 回車，按預設值 Using default value 4568 Command (m for help): w # 輸入 w 儲存退出 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. 再次檢視分割槽情況
fdisk -l這時可以看到
Disk /dev/loop0: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/loop1: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sda: 37.6 GB, 37580963840 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4568 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000c8278
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1306 4568 26206700 83 Linux
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root: 9135 MB, 9135194112 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1110 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/docker-253:0-264224-pool: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000其中，分割槽已變為3個了，但這時還沒掛載，還不能用
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1306 4568 26206700 83 Linux4、重啟作業系統
reboot5、格式化新分割槽為ext3
輸入指令
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda3結果為
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1638400 inodes, 6551675 blocks
327583 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
200 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.6、將物理硬碟分割槽初始化為物理卷，以便被LVM使用，輸入指令
lvs
pvcreate /dev/sda37、向卷組中新增物理捲來增加捲組的容量
檢視lvm組名，輸入指令 df -h
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root
8.3G 5.4G 2.5G 69% /
tmpfs 1001M 0 1001M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 54M 394M 12% /boot其中，vg_test001 就是 根 所在的組名
輸入指令，增加捲組的容量
vgextend vg_test001 /dev/sda38、檢視可擴充套件的空間大小
輸入指令，顯示LNM卷組的元資料資訊
vgdisplay結果為
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg_test001
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 34.50 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8831
Alloc PE / Size 2434 / 9.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 6397 / 24.99 GiB
VG UUID JuPKc8-Ydps-1bsN-0Wld-fbYS-0Hd2-NgvX1q其中 Free PE / Size 就是可供分配的自由空間，最多有 24.99G，在擴充套件時輸入小於該值
9、擴充磁碟空間
lvextend -L+24G /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root /dev/sda310、使用e2fsck指令檢查檔案系統錯誤
e2fsck -a /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root11、使用resize2fs指令來增大或者收縮未載入的“ext2/ext3”檔案系統的大小
resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root (PS:檢視檔案格式 df -hT 若為xfs格式的檔案擴充需要使用 xfs_growfs/dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root)
12、檢視擴充套件空間後的結果
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test001-lv_root
32G 5.4G 26G 18% /
tmpfs 1001M 0 1001M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 54M 394M 12% /boot可以看出，在根目錄下磁碟空間已經擴容了！
轉自 https://my.oschina.net/u/876354/blog/967848