1. 程式人生 > >04-樹7 二叉搜尋樹的操作集 (30 分)

04-樹7 二叉搜尋樹的操作集 (30 分)

本題要求實現給定二叉搜尋樹的5種常用操作。

函式介面定義:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

其中BinTree結構定義如下:

typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};
  • 函式InsertX插入二叉搜尋樹BST並返回結果樹的根結點指標;
  • 函式DeleteX從二叉搜尋樹BST中刪除,並返回結果樹的根結點指標;如果X不在樹中,則列印一行Not Found並返回原樹的根結點指標;
  • 函式Find在二叉搜尋樹BST中找到X,返回該結點的指標;如果找不到則返回空指標;
  • 函式FindMin返回二叉搜尋樹BST中最小元結點的指標;
  • 函式FindMax返回二叉搜尋樹BST中最大元結點的指標。

裁判測試程式樣例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};

void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT );  /* 中序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

int main()
{
    BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
    ElementType X;
    int N, i;

    BST = NULL;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Insert(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
    MinP = FindMin(BST);
    MaxP = FindMax(BST);
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        Tmp = Find(BST, X);
        if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
        else {
            printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
        }
    }
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Delete(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");

    return 0;
}
/* 你的程式碼將被嵌在這裡 */

輸入樣例:

10
5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7
5
6 3 10 0 5
5
5 7 0 10 3

輸出樣例:

Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9
6 is found
3 is not found
10 is found
10 is the largest key
0 is found
0 is the smallest key
5 is found
Not Found
Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9

【程式碼】

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
	if(!BST){
		BST=(BinTree)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
		BST->Data=X;
		BST->Left=BST->Right=NULL;
	}else{
		if(BST->Data>X)BST->Left=Insert(BST->Left, X);
		else if(BST->Data<X)BST->Right=Insert(BST->Right, X);
	}
	return BST;
}
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ) 
{ 
    Position Tmp; 
 
    if( !BST ) 
        printf("Not Found\n"); 
    else {
        if( X < BST->Data ) 
            BST->Left = Delete( BST->Left, X );   /* 從左子樹遞迴刪除 */
        else if( X > BST->Data ) 
            BST->Right = Delete( BST->Right, X ); /* 從右子樹遞迴刪除 */
        else { /* BST就是要刪除的結點 */
            /* 如果被刪除結點有左右兩個子結點 */ 
            if( BST->Left && BST->Right ) {
                /* 從右子樹中找最小的元素填充刪除結點 */
                Tmp = FindMin( BST->Right );
                BST->Data = Tmp->Data;
                /* 從右子樹中刪除最小元素 */
                BST->Right = Delete( BST->Right, BST->Data );
            }
            else { /* 被刪除結點有一個或無子結點 */
                Tmp = BST; 
                if( !BST->Left )       /* 只有右孩子或無子結點 */
                    BST = BST->Right; 
                else                   /* 只有左孩子 */
                    BST = BST->Left;
                free( Tmp );
            }
        }
    }
    return BST;
}
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
	if(!BST)return NULL;
	if(X > BST->Data)return Find(BST->Right, X);
	else if(X<BST->Data)return Find(BST->Left, X);
	else return BST;
}
Position FindMin( BinTree BST ){
	if(!BST)return NULL;
	else if(BST->Left)return FindMin(BST->Left);
	else return BST;
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST ){
	if(BST)
		while(BST->Right) BST=BST->Right;
	return BST;
}