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二叉搜索樹的操作集(30 分)

ret list 一個 printf let delet 中序遍歷 osi 接口

6-12 二叉搜索樹的操作集(30 分)

本題要求實現給定二叉搜索樹的5種常用操作。

函數接口定義:

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

其中BinTree結構定義如下:

typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};
  • 函數InsertX插入二叉搜索樹BST並返回結果樹的根結點指針;
  • 函數DeleteX從二叉搜索樹BST中刪除,並返回結果樹的根結點指針;如果X不在樹中,則打印一行Not Found並返回原樹的根結點指針;
  • 函數Find在二叉搜索樹BST中找到X,返回該結點的指針;如果找不到則返回空指針;
  • 函數FindMin返回二叉搜索樹BST中最小元結點的指針;
  • 函數FindMax返回二叉搜索樹BST中最大元結點的指針。

裁判測試程序樣例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
    ElementType Data;
    BinTree Left;
    BinTree Right;
};

void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT );  /* 中序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */

BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );

int main()
{
    BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
    ElementType X;
    int N, i;

    BST = NULL;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Insert(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
    MinP = FindMin(BST);
    MaxP = FindMax(BST);
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        Tmp = Find(BST, X);
        if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
        else {
            printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
            if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
        }
    }
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
        scanf("%d", &X);
        BST = Delete(BST, X);
    }
    printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");

    return 0;
}
/* 你的代碼將被嵌在這裏 */

輸入樣例:

10
5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7
5
6 3 10 0 5
5
5 7 0 10 3

輸出樣例:

Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9
6 is found
3 is not found
10 is found
10 is the largest key
0 is found
0 is the smallest key
5 is found
Not Found
Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef 
int ElementType; typedef struct TNode *Position; typedef Position BinTree; struct TNode{ ElementType Data; BinTree Left; BinTree Right; }; void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */ void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 中序遍歷,由裁判實現,細節不表 */ BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); Position FindMin( BinTree BST ); Position FindMax( BinTree BST ); int main() { BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp; ElementType X; int N, i; BST = NULL; scanf("%d", &N); for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) { scanf("%d", &X); BST = Insert(BST, X); } printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n"); MinP = FindMin(BST); MaxP = FindMax(BST); scanf("%d", &N); for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) { scanf("%d", &X); Tmp = Find(BST, X); if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X); else { printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data); if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data); if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data); } } scanf("%d", &N); for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) { scanf("%d", &X); BST = Delete(BST, X); } printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n"); return 0; } /* 你的代碼將被嵌在這裏 */ void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ) { if(BT==NULL) return; else{ printf(" %c",BT->Data); PreorderTraversal(BT->Left); PreorderTraversal(BT->Right); } } void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT ) { if(BT==NULL) return; else{ InorderTraversal(BT->Left); printf(" %c",BT->Data); InorderTraversal(BT->Right); } } BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ) { if(!BST)//如果BST為空的話,返回只有一個節點的樹 { BST=(BinTree)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode)); BST->Data=X; BST->Left=NULL; BST->Right=NULL; } else//如果BST不是為空的話 {//開始尋找要插入的位置 if(X<BST->Data) BST->Left=Insert(BST->Left,X); else if(X>BST ->Data) BST->Right=Insert(BST->Right,X); } return BST; } BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ) { BinTree Tmp; if(!BST) printf("Not Found\n"); else{ if(X<BST->Data) BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left,X); else if(X>BST->Data) { BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right,X); } else//考慮如果找到這個位置,並且有左節點或者右節點或者沒有節點三種情況 { if(BST->Left && BST->Right) { Tmp=FindMin(BST->Right); /* 在右子樹中找到最小結點填充刪除結點 */ BST->Data = Tmp ->Data; BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right,BST->Data);/* 遞歸刪除要刪除結點的右子樹中最小元素 */ } else { /* 被刪除結點有一個或沒有子結點*/ Tmp = BST; if(!BST->Left) BST = BST->Right; /*有右孩子或者沒孩子*/ else if(!BST->Right) BST = BST->Left;/*有左孩子,一定要加else,不然BST可能是NULL,會段錯誤*/ free(Tmp); /*如無左右孩子直接刪除*/ } } } return BST; } Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ) { if(!BST) return NULL; if(BST->Data==X) return BST; else if(X<BST->Data) { return Find(BST->Left,X); } else if(X>BST->Data) { return Find(BST->Right,X); } return BST; } Position FindMin( BinTree BST ) { if(BST!=NULL) { while(BST->Left) BST=BST->Left; } return BST; } Position FindMax( BinTree BST ) { if(BST!=NULL) { while(BST->Right) BST=BST->Right; } return BST; }

 

 

二叉搜索樹的操作集(30 分)