Ubuntu16.04 安裝 Caffe(SSD版)
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-07
安裝步驟
首先安裝各種依賴包：
$ sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev $ python-dev libgflags-dev libatlas-base-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
$ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
從github上面拷貝下來caffe專案：
$ git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git
$ cd 安裝caffe版的SSD拷貝步驟為：
$ git clone https://github.com/weiliu89/caffe.git
$ cd caffe
$ git checkout ssd
然後將caffe主目錄下面的Makefile.config.example拷貝更名為Makefile.config，開啟操作：
$ cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config
$ gedit Makefile.config
將其中的：
#USE_CUDNN := 1
#WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1
INCLUDE_DIRS := 分別更改為：
USE_CUDNN := 1 WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1 INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial
開啟 Makefile檔案：
$ gedit Makefile
將其中的：
NVCCFLAGS += -ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler-fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)
更改為：
NVCCFLAGS += -D_FORCE_INLINES -ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)
開啟/usr/local/cuda/include/crt/host_config.h檔案：
$ sudo gedit /usr/local/cuda/include/crt/host_config.h
將其中的：
#error-- unsupported GNU version! gcc versions later than 4.9 are not supported!
更改為：
//#error-- unsupported GNU version! gcc versions later than 4.9 are not supported!
下面就是編譯caffe並測試：
$ make clean -j8
$ make all -j8
$ make runtest -j8
最後輸出PASS說明測試成功。
配置環境變數：
$ vim ~/.bashrc
在檔案末尾寫入caffe-pathon的安裝路徑：
export PYTHONPATH=caffe安裝路徑/caffe/python:$PYTHONPATH
上述語句中的~表示caffe所在的根目錄。
是環境變數生效：
$ source ~/.bashrc
然後執行：
$ make pycaffe
常見問題
CUDA9錯誤
NVCC src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.cu
nvcc fatal : Unsupported gpu architecture 'compute_20'
Makefile:594: recipe for target '.build_release/cuda/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o' failed
make: *** [.build_release/cuda/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
解決方案
cuda9不支援‘ compute-20 ’，需要修改Makefile.config檔案中CUDA_ARCH設定，將
# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61
中的
-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
刪除即可重新編譯。
HDF5錯誤
src/caffe/net.cpp:8:18: fatal error: hdf5.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
Makefile:581: recipe for target '.build_release/src/caffe/net.o' failed
make: *** [.build_release/src/caffe/net.o] Error 1
或者
AR -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.a
LD -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lhdf5_hl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lhdf5
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:572: recipe for target '.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0' failed
make: *** [.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0] Error 1
解決方案
執行命令安裝libhdf5-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libhdf5-dev
然後再重新編譯。
gflags錯誤
In file included from src/caffe/net.cpp:10:0:
./include/caffe/common.hpp:5:27: fatal error: gflags/gflags.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
Makefile:581: recipe for target '.build_release/src/caffe/net.o' failed
make: *** [.build_release/src/caffe/net.o] Error 1
解決方案
執行命令安裝gflags
$ sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev
然後再重新編譯。
glog錯誤
In file included from src/caffe/net.cpp:10:0:
./include/caffe/common.hpp:6:26: fatal error: glog/logging.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
Makefile:581: recipe for target '.build_release/src/caffe/net.o' failed
make: *** [.build_release/src/caffe/net.o] Error 1
解決方案
執行命令安裝glog
$ sudo apt-get install libgoogle-glog-dev
然後再重新編譯。
LMDB錯誤
In file included from src/caffe/util/db.cpp:3:0:
./include/caffe/util/db_lmdb.hpp:8:18: fatal error: lmdb.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
Makefile:581: recipe for target '.build_release/src/caffe/util/db.o' failed
make: *** [.build_release/src/caffe/util/db.o] Error 1
解決方案
執行命令安裝lmdb
$ sudo apt-get install liblmdb-dev
然後再重新編譯。
opencv_imgcodecs opencv_videoio錯誤
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lopencv_imgcodecs
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lopencv_videoio
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:579: recipe for target '.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5' failed
make: *** [.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5] Error 1
解決方案
開啟Makefile檔案，在164行（我的檔案）加上opencv_imgcodecs，如下：
LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf leveldb snappy \
lmdb boost_system hdf5_hl hdf5 m \
opencv_core opencv_highgui opencv_imgproc opencv_imgcodecs
然後再重新編譯。
numpy路徑錯誤
python/caffe/_caffe.cpp:10:31: fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h: No such file or
directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [python/caffe/_caffe.so] Error 1`
解決方案
開啟python編輯器，通過命令得到numpy的安裝路徑：
>>> import numpy
>>> dirs = numpy.get_include()
>>> print(dirs)
然後就能看到numpy的安裝路徑，開啟caffe目錄下的Makefile.config檔案，將65行（我的檔案）的路徑：/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include換成剛剛得到numpy的安裝路徑，然後重新編譯。