由於之前需要用到第3方的擴充套件，但是centos5自帶的python是2.4.3，這個版本很多第3放擴充套件工具無法支援，雖然後來手工升級到了2.7.2，但是還有有些動態檔案無法自動建立連結成功，無奈之下只好選擇了centos6，這個版本的自帶的python是2.6.6，應該能被大部分的工具支援，在此記錄下在rhl6環境下構建一個python開發環境的配置過程。
現在我想安裝配置python、pyinstaller、fabric、pexpect、eclipse等工具。

0. 環境配置
[[email protected] ~]# hostname
gtlionsdev
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.3 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux gtlionsdev 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 #1 SMP Fri Jun 22 10:59:55 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
[

[email protected] ~]# python -V
Python 2.6.6
[[email protected] ~]# ldd /usr/bin/python
    linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0x00de4000)
    libpython2.6.so.1.0 => /usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0 (0x00b84000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x00f8e000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00605000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib/libutil.so.1 (0x00110000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x005c6000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00179000)
    /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00fab000)
[

[email protected] ~]# file /usr/bin/python
/usr/bin/python: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, stripped

1. 安裝配置pyinstaller
首先需要安裝下lsb-sdk，解壓後直接rpm -Uivh *.rpm即可。
[[email protected] ~]# cd /opt
[[email protected] opt]# ls
pyinstaller-2.0.tar.bz2  rh
[

[email protected] opt]# tar -jxf pyinstaller-2.0.tar.bz2;mv pyinstaller-2.0 pyinstaller;cd pyinstaller;cd source/
[[email protected] source]# python waf configure build install
Linux-32bit detected
Building LSB bootloader.
Checking for program gcc or cc           : /usr/bin/gcc
Checking for program cpp                 : /usr/bin/cpp
Checking for program ar                  : /usr/bin/ar
Checking for program ranlib              : /usr/bin/ranlib
Checking for gcc                         : ok  
Checking for program python              : /usr/bin/python
Checking for Python version              : 2.6.6
Checking for library python2.6           : yes
Checking for program python2.6-config    : /usr/bin/python2.6-config
Checking for custom code                 : yes
Checking for program lsbcc               : not found
Checking for program /opt/lsb/bin/lsbcc  : not found
LSB (Linux Standard Base) tools >= 4.0 are required.
Try --no-lsb option if not interested in building LSB binary.
[[email protected] source]# python waf configure --no-lsb build install --如果沒有lsb
Linux-32bit detected
Checking for program gcc or cc           : /usr/bin/gcc
Checking for program cpp                 : /usr/bin/cpp
Checking for program ar                  : /usr/bin/ar
Checking for program ranlib              : /usr/bin/ranlib
Checking for gcc                         : ok  
Checking for program python              : /usr/bin/python
Checking for Python version              : 2.6.6
Checking for library python2.6           : yes
Checking for program python2.6-config    : /usr/bin/python2.6-config
Checking for custom code                 : yes
Checking for library z                   : yes
Checking for function readlink           : yes
Checking for flags -m32                  : yes
Checking for flags -Wl,--as-needed       : yes
'configure' finished successfully (1.014s)
Waf: Entering directory `/opt/pyinstaller/source/build'
[ 1/20] cc: common/launch.c -> build/debug/common/launch_1.o
[ 2/20] cc: common/main.c -> build/debug/common/main_1.o
[ 3/20] cc: linux/getpath.c -> build/debug/linux/getpath_1.o
[ 4/20] cc: linux/utils.c -> build/debug/linux/utils_1.o
[ 5/20] cc: common/launch.c -> build/release/common/launch_2.o
[ 6/20] cc: common/main.c -> build/release/common/main_2.o
[ 7/20] cc: linux/getpath.c -> build/release/linux/getpath_2.o
[ 8/20] cc: linux/utils.c -> build/release/linux/utils_2.o
[ 9/20] cc: common/launch.c -> build/releasew/common/launch_3.o
[10/20] cc: common/main.c -> build/releasew/common/main_3.o
[11/20] cc: linux/getpath.c -> build/releasew/linux/getpath_3.o
[12/20] cc: linux/utils.c -> build/releasew/linux/utils_3.o
[13/20] cc: common/launch.c -> build/debugw/common/launch_4.o
[14/20] cc: common/main.c -> build/debugw/common/main_4.o
[15/20] cc: linux/getpath.c -> build/debugw/linux/getpath_4.o
[16/20] cc: linux/utils.c -> build/debugw/linux/utils_4.o
[17/20] cc_link: build/debug/common/launch_1.o build/debug/common/main_1.o build/debug/linux/getpath_1.o build/debug/linux/utils_1.o -> build/debug/run_d
[18/20] cc_link: build/release/common/launch_2.o build/release/common/main_2.o build/release/linux/getpath_2.o build/release/linux/utils_2.o -> build/release/run
[19/20] cc_link: build/releasew/common/launch_3.o build/releasew/common/main_3.o build/releasew/linux/getpath_3.o build/releasew/linux/utils_3.o -> build/releasew/runw
[20/20] cc_link: build/debugw/common/launch_4.o build/debugw/common/main_4.o build/debugw/linux/getpath_4.o build/debugw/linux/utils_4.o -> build/debugw/runw_d
Waf: Leaving directory `/opt/pyinstaller/source/build'
'build' finished successfully (3.672s)
Waf: Entering directory `/opt/pyinstaller/source/build'
* installing build/debug/run_d as ../../support/loader/Linux-32bit/run_d
* installing build/release/run as ../../support/loader/Linux-32bit/run
* installing build/releasew/runw as ../../support/loader/Linux-32bit/runw
* installing build/debugw/runw_d as ../../support/loader/Linux-32bit/runw_d
Waf: Leaving directory `/opt/pyinstaller/source/build'
'install' finished successfully (0.058s)
這樣pyinstaller就安裝成功了，先寫個簡單的程式然後測試下打包。

2. 第1支py程式
首先我簡單的寫了幾行程式用來輸出一行文字和顯示本機磁碟的使用情況資訊，並執行。
[[email protected] source]# mkdir -p /opt/pysrc;cd /opt/pysrc
[[email protected] pysrc]# vi test1.py
[[email protected] pysrc]# cat test1.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name:
# Filename : NewPython.py

# What:

# Version:
# Release:   2012-9-26
# Author:    Gtlions
# Copyright: Copyright (c) Gtlions 2012 <[email protected]>   
# Licence:   <Gtlions's licence>
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import os
print 'i will show the host disk info.'
os.system('df -h')

[[email protected] pysrc]# python test1.py
i will show the host disk info.
檔案系統          容量  已用  可用 已用%% 掛載點
/dev/sda2             143G  3.0G  133G   3% /
tmpfs                 1.5G     0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm

3. pyinstaller打包程式
[[email protected] opt]# ls
pyinstaller  pyinstaller-2.0.tar.bz2  pysrc  rh
[[email protected] opt]# mkdir pyexe
[[email protected] opt]# python /opt/pyinstaller/pyinstaller.py -F --out=/opt/pyexe /opt/pysrc/test1.py
126 INFO: wrote /opt/pyexe/test1.spec
259 INFO: UPX is not available.
2999 INFO: checking Analysis
2999 INFO: building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc non existent
3000 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc
3066 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/support/_pyi_bootstrap.py
5257 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/archive.py
5363 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/carchive.py
5463 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py
5513 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pysrc/test1.py
5598 INFO: Hidden import 'encodings' has been found otherwise
5599 INFO: Looking for run-time hooks
5600 INFO: Analyzing rthook /opt/pyinstaller/support/rthooks/pyi_rth_encodings.py
6310 INFO: Warnings written to /opt/pyexe/build/pyi.linux2/test1/warntest1.txt
6318 INFO: checking PYZ
6318 INFO: rebuilding out00-PYZ.toc because out00-PYZ.pyz is missing
6319 INFO: building PYZ out00-PYZ.toc
8145 INFO: checking PKG
8145 INFO: rebuilding out00-PKG.toc because out00-PKG.pkg is missing
8146 INFO: building PKG out00-PKG.pkg
9906 INFO: checking EXE
9906 INFO: rebuilding out00-EXE.toc because test1 missing
9906 INFO: building EXE from out00-EXE.toc
9925 INFO: Appending archive to EXE /opt/pyexe/dist/test1

測試執行下打包好的程式。
[[email protected] opt]# /opt/pyexe/dist/test1
i will show the host disk info.
檔案系統          容量  已用  可用 已用%% 掛載點
/dev/sda2             143G  3.2G  133G   3% /
tmpfs                 1.5G     0  1.5G   0% /dev/shm
可以看到這個程式已經可以運行了，這樣就可以隨便分發到其他主機運行了，下面是在別的機器執行的過程。
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)
Kernel \r on an \m

[[email protected] ~]# ./test1
-bash: ./test1: 許可權不夠
[[email protected] ~]# chmod +x test1
[[email protected] ~]# ./test1
i will show the host disk info.
檔案系統              容量  已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                      130G   51G   73G  42% /
/dev/sda1              99M   12M   82M  13% /boot
tmpfs                 471M     0  471M   0% /dev/shm


4. 安裝fabric
[[email protected] opt]# curl -O https://raw.github.com/pypa/virtualenv/master/virtualenv.py
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  107k  100  107k    0     0  35020      0  0:00:03  0:00:03 --:--:-- 73944
[[email protected] opt]# python virtualenv.py fabric
New python executable in fabric/bin/python
Installing setuptools............................done.
Installing pip.....................done.
[[email protected] opt]# . fabric/bin/activate
(fabric)[[email protected] opt]# pip install fabric
............................
............................
安裝完成記得把環境變數包含/opt/fabric/bin進PATH。

5. 第2支py程式
[[email protected] ~]# cd /opt/pysrc
[[email protected] pysrc]# vi fabfile.py
[[email protected] pysrc]# cat fabfile.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name:
# Filename : NewPython.py

# What:

# Version:
# Release:   2012-9-26
# Author:    Gtlions
# Copyright: Copyright (c) Gtlions 2012 <[email protected]>   
# Licence:   <Gtlions's licence>
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
from fabric.api import *
env.hosts=['[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]']
env.passwords={'[email protected]':'hwttportal3','[email protected]':'hwttmcp','[email protected]':'rbtdev'}
def hostname():
    '''show hostname'''
        run('hostname')
def disk():
    '''show diskinfo'''
        run('df -h')
執行檢視下結果。
[[email protected] pysrc]# fab hostname disk
[[email protected]] Executing task 'hostname'
[[email protected]] run: hostname
[[email protected]] out: db3

[[email protected]] Executing task 'hostname'
[[email protected]] run: hostname
[[email protected]] out: db233

[[email protected]] Executing task 'hostname'
[[email protected]] run: hostname
[[email protected]] out: vm1

[[email protected]] Executing task 'disk'
[[email protected]] run: df -h
[[email protected]] out: 檔案系統              容量  已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p8     2.9G  933M  1.8G  34% /
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p9     609G  259G  319G  45% /usr
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p7     2.9G   70M  2.7G   3% /tmp
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p6     4.8G  4.1G  437M  91% /home
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p5     4.8G  180M  4.4G   4% /var/log
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p2      29G  6.6G   21G  25% /opt
[[email protected]] out: /dev/cciss/c0d0p1     2.9G   93M  2.6G   4% /boot
[[email protected]] out: tmpfs                 1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /dev/shm

[[email protected]] Executing task 'disk'
[[email protected]] run: df -h
[[email protected]] out: 檔案系統              容量  已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
[[email protected]] out: /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
[[email protected]] out:                       130G   51G   73G  42% /
[[email protected]] out: /dev/sda1              99M   12M   82M  13% /boot
[[email protected]] out: tmpfs                 471M     0  471M   0% /dev/shm

[[email protected]] Executing task 'disk'
[[email protected]] run: df -h
[[email protected]] out: 檔案系統              容量  已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
[[email protected]] out: /dev/sda1             6.8G  5.3G  1.2G  82% /
[[email protected]] out: tmpfs                 252M     0  252M   0% /dev/shm
[[email protected]] out: /dev/mapper/vgmain-lv_1
[[email protected]] out:                       9.9G  6.4G  3.0G  69% /usr/app
[[email protected]] out: 192.168.2.3:/usr/uploadrootdir
[[email protected]] out:                       609G  259G  319G  45% /usr/uploadrootdir


Done.
Disconnecting from [email protected] done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.2.3... done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.2.233... done.        

再次打包這個新程式，檢視下fab和pyinstaller結合情況如何：
[[email protected] pysrc]# python /opt/pyinstaller/pyinstaller.py -F --out=/opt/pyexe /opt/pysrc/fabfile.py
20 INFO: wrote /opt/pyexe/fabfile.spec
72 INFO: UPX is not available.
2177 INFO: checking Analysis
2177 INFO: building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc non existent
2178 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc
2208 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/support/_pyi_bootstrap.py
4357 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/archive.py
4461 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/carchive.py
4559 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py
4608 INFO: Analyzing /opt/pysrc/fabfile.py
4615 INFO: Hidden import 'encodings' has been found otherwise
4615 INFO: Looking for run-time hooks
4616 INFO: Analyzing rthook /opt/pyinstaller/support/rthooks/pyi_rth_encodings.py
5196 INFO: Warnings written to /opt/pyexe/build/pyi.linux2/fabfile/warnfabfile.txt
5204 INFO: checking PYZ
5205 INFO: rebuilding out00-PYZ.toc because out00-PYZ.pyz is missing
5205 INFO: building PYZ out00-PYZ.toc
6229 INFO: checking PKG
6230 INFO: rebuilding out00-PKG.toc because out00-PKG.pkg is missing
6230 INFO: building PKG out00-PKG.pkg
7922 INFO: checking EXE
7923 INFO: rebuilding out00-EXE.toc because fabfile missing
7923 INFO: building EXE from out00-EXE.toc
7924 INFO: Appending archive to EXE /opt/pyexe/dist/fabfile
執行打包好的程式：
[[email protected] pysrc]# /opt/pyexe/dist/fabfile hostname disk
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 15, in <module>
  File "/opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py", line 409, in importHook
    raise ImportError("No module named %s" % fqname)
ImportError: No module named fabric
[[email protected] pysrc]# ll /opt/pyexe/dist/fabfile
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2350822 9?. 28 19:34 /opt/pyexe/dist/fabfile
[[email protected] pysrc]# cd /opt/pyexe/dist/
[[email protected] dist]# ./fabfile
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 15, in <module>
  File "/opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py", line 409, in importHook
    raise ImportError("No module named %s" % fqname)
ImportError: No module named fabric
[[email protected] dist]# ./fabfile disk
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 15, in <module>
  File "/opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py", line 409, in importHook
    raise ImportError("No module named %s" % fqname)
ImportError: No module named fabric
[[email protected] dist]# ./fabfile hostname
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 15, in <module>
  File "/opt/pyinstaller/PyInstaller/loader/iu.py", line 409, in importHook
    raise ImportError("No module named %s" % fqname)
ImportError: No module named fabric
[[email protected] dist]# fab fabfile hostname

Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles!

Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help.

Aborting.
[[email protected] dist]# fab -f fabfile hostname

Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles!

Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help.

Aborting.
[[email protected] dist]# fab -f ./fabfile hostname

Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles!

Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help.

Aborting.
[[email protected] dist]# fab -f ./fabfile -l

Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles!

Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help.

Aborting.
[[email protected] dist]# fab -f ./fabfile fabfile

Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles!

Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help.

Aborting.
矮油，明顯各種失敗了，去google了好長時間，沒發現有解決方案，只好放棄。看來如果需要封裝貌似沒辦法用fab，只好轉戰pexpect了。

6. 安裝配置pexpect
[[email protected] opt]# tar -zxf pexpect-2.3.tar.gz;cd pexpect-2.3;python setup.py install
running install
running build
running build_py
running install_lib
running install_egg_info
Removing /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pexpect-2.3-py2.6.egg-info
Writing /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pexpect-2.3-py2.6.egg-info
這樣就完成安裝了。

7. 安裝配置expect
[[email protected] expect]# ls
expect5.45.tar.gz  tcl8511-src.zip
[[email protected] expect]# tar -zxf expect5.45.tar.gz;unzip -q tcl8511-src.zip
[[email protected] expect]# cd expect5.45;./configure
checking for correct TEA configuration... ok (TEA 3.9)
configure: configuring expect 5.45
checking for Tcl configuration... configure: error: Can't find Tcl configuration definitions
[[email protected] expect5.45]# cd ../tcl8.5.11/unix/;./configure;make;make install
安裝tcl之後返回繼續安裝expect，./configure;make;make install

8. 安裝配置PyH
[[email protected] opt]# wget http://pyh.googlecode.com/files/PyH-0.1.1.tar.gz
--2012-09-30 14:53:54--  http://pyh.googlecode.com/files/PyH-0.1.1.tar.gz
正在解析主機 pyh.googlecode.com... 74.125.128.82
正在連線 pyh.googlecode.com|74.125.128.82|:80... 已連線。
已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待迴應... 200 OK
長度：2086 (2.0K) [application/x-gzip]
正在儲存至: “PyH-0.1.1.tar.gz”

100%[=====================================================================================================================================================>] 2,086       --.-K/s   in 0.007s  

2012-09-30 14:53:55 (295 KB/s) - 已儲存 “PyH-0.1.1.tar.gz” [2086/2086])

[[email protected] opt]# tar -zxf PyH-0.1.1.tar.gz
[[email protected] opt]# cd PyH-0.1.1
[[email protected] PyH-0.1.1]# python setup.py install
9. 安裝配置eclipse
eclipse安裝太簡單了，下載下來解壓就ok了，主要是配置下pydev就ok了，pydev安裝升級源：http://pydev.org/updates。
這樣一個開發環境配置的就差不多了。
-The End-