LAMP服務分離編譯安裝+Wordpress
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-06-24
chmod modules PC ria 安裝 bsp right zlib openssl
環境準備
準備三臺虛擬機及相應軟件包
apache服務器 192.168.30.25
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.33.tar.bz2 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
php服務器 192.168.30.26
php-7.1.18.tar.bz2 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
mariadb服務器 192.168.30.27
mariadb-10.2.15-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
由於是最小化安裝的系統，這裏使用光盤鏡像配置了yum源，也建議大家都配好yum源
拓撲圖：
安裝順序：apache >>> mariadb >>> php
Checklist：
- 準備項
| 項目 | 值 |
|---|---|
| apache服務器 | 192.168.30.25 |
| httpd服務用戶 | useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M apache |
| httpd軟件安裝目錄 | /app/http2433 |
| http DocumentRoot | /var/www/wordpress |
| PHP服務器 | 192.168.30.26 |
| PHP服務用戶 | useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M apache |
| PHP軟件安裝目錄 | /app/php |
| mariadb服務器 | 192.168.30.27 |
| mariadb用戶 | useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql |
| mariadb安裝路徑 | /usr/local/ |
| mariadb 數據存放路徑 | datadir=/data/mysqldb |
| wordpress數據庫 | wordpress |
| wordpress數據庫賬戶 | wpadmin |
簡略步驟
1. 準備環境（幹凈的環境，已配yum倉庫，上傳各自需要的源碼包） 2. 編譯安裝httpd 3. 配置httpd.conf以及虛擬機主機配置文件 4. 安裝二進制mariadb包，並配置conf和創建wordpress數據庫 5. 編譯安裝PHP並配置fcgi 6. 安裝wordpress程序包 7. 測試驗證
- httpd編譯安裝
[root@apache 09:08:22 ~]#cd /opt [root@apache 09:08:24 opt]#ls apr-1.6.3.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.33.tar.bz2 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz [root@apache 09:08:25 opt]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M apache [root@apache 09:09:13 opt]#tar -xf httpd-2.4.33.tar.bz2 [root@apache 09:09:33 opt]#tar -xf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz -C httpd-2.4.33/srclib/ [root@apache 09:10:35 opt]#tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz -C httpd-2.4.33/srclib/ [root@apache 09:10:51 opt]#mv httpd-2.4.33/srclib/apr-1.6.3/ httpd-2.4.33/srclib/apr [root@apache 09:11:26 opt]#mv httpd-2.4.33/srclib/apr-util-1.6.1/ httpd-2.4.33/srclib/apr-util [root@apache 09:11:47 opt]#mkdir /app [root@apache 09:12:27 opt]#yum install -y -q pcre-devel openssl-devel expat-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel [root@apache 09:13:35 opt]# [root@apache 09:15:00 opt]#cd httpd-2.4.33/ [root@apache 09:16:10 httpd-2.4.33]#./configure --prefix=/app/httpd2433 > --enable-so > --enable-ssl > --enable-cgi > --enable-rewrite > --with-zlib > --with-pcre > --with-included-apr > --enable-modules=most > --enable-mpms-shared=all > --with-mpm=prefork ======編譯中間過程省略======== config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h config.status: executing default commands configure: summary of build options: Server Version: 2.4.33 Install prefix: /app/httpd2433 C compiler: gcc -std=gnu99 CFLAGS: -g -O2 -pthread CPPFLAGS: -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE LDFLAGS: LIBS: C preprocessor: gcc -E [root@apache 09:29:19 httpd-2.4.33]# make -j 2 && make install ======編譯中間過程省略======== Installing configuration files mkdir /app/httpd2433/conf mkdir /app/httpd2433/conf/extra mkdir /app/httpd2433/conf/original mkdir /app/httpd2433/conf/original/extra Installing HTML documents mkdir /app/httpd2433/htdocs Installing error documents mkdir /app/httpd2433/error Installing icons mkdir /app/httpd2433/icons mkdir /app/httpd2433/logs Installing CGIs mkdir /app/httpd2433/cgi-bin Installing header files Installing build system files Installing man pages and online manual mkdir /app/httpd2433/man mkdir /app/httpd2433/man/man1 mkdir /app/httpd2433/man/man8 mkdir /app/httpd2433/manual make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/httpd-2.4.33` [root@apache 09:46:13 httpd-2.4.33]# [root@apache 09:46:13 httpd-2.4.33]#echo ‘export PATH=/app/httpd2433/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh [root@apache 10:12:47 httpd-2.4.33]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
- httpd.conf配置以及虛擬主機配置
[root@apache 10:12:57 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -i ‘s/^User.*/User apache/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:12:58 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -ri ‘s/^#(ServerName ).*(:80)/\1localhost\2/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:13:05 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -ri ‘s/(^[[:space:]]*DirectoryIndex)(.*)/\1 index.php\2/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:14:42 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -i ‘s/^Group.*/Group apache/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:16:58 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -ri ‘s/^#(.*httpd-vhosts.*)/\1/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:18:24 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -ri ‘s/^#(.*proxy_module.*)/\1/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:20:18 httpd-2.4.33]#sed -ri ‘s/^#(.*proxy_fcgi_module.*)/\1/‘ /app/httpd2433/conf/httpd.conf [root@apache 10:45:27 httpd2433]#cat > /app/httpd2433/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf << EOF > <VirtualHost 192.168.30.25:80> > DocumentRoot "/var/www/wordpress" > ServerName www.mywordpress.com > ErrorLog "logs/mywordpress-error_log" > CustomLog "logs/mywordpress-access_log" common > <Directory "/var/www/wordpress"> > Options None > AllowOverride None > Require all granted > </Directory> > ProxyRequests Off > ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://192.168.30.26:9000/var/www/wordpress/\$1 > </VirtualHost> > EOF
- 安裝二進制mariadb包，配置conf，準備wordpress數據庫
[root@mariadb 11:01:06 ~]#cd /opt [root@mariadb 11:01:10 opt]#ls mariadb-10.2.15-linux-x86_64.tar.gz rh [root@mariadb 11:02:06 opt]#tar xf mariadb-10.2.15-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local [root@mariadb 11:03:36 opt]#cd /usr/local/ [root@mariadb 11:03:46 local]#ln -s mariadb-10.2.15-linux-x86_64 mysql [root@mariadb 11:03:57 local]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql [root@mariadb 11:04:31 local]#chown -R mysql.mysql mysql [root@mariadb 11:04:47 local]#cd mysql [root@mariadb 11:05:35 mysql]#mkdir -p /data/mysqldb [root@mariadb 11:05:42 mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldb --user=mysql Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in ‘/data/mysqldb‘ ... OK ========安裝過程省略======================= [root@mariadb 11:09:44 mysql]#sed -i ‘/\[mysqld\]/a\datadir=\/data\/mysqldb‘ /etc/my.cnf [root@mariadb 11:09:50 mysql]#sed -i ‘/\[mysqld\]/a\skip_name_resolve=on‘ /etc/my.cnf [root@mariadb 11:19:10 mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@mariadb 11:19:35 mysql]#chkconfig --add mysqld [root@mariadb 11:19:44 mysql]#chkconfig --list Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘. To see services enabled on particular target use ‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@mariadb 11:20:51 ~]# [root@mariadb 11:20:52 ~]#echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh [root@mariadb 11:22:59 ~]#. /etc/profile.d/mysqld.sh [root@mariadb 11:23:47 mysql]#service mysqld start Starting mysqld (via systemctl): [ OK ] [root@mariadb 11:23:58 mysql]#mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 10 Server version: 10.2.15-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress.* to wpadm@‘192.168.30.26‘ identified by ‘mywordpress‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> exit Bye [root@mariadb 11:28:00 mysql]# [root@mariadb 11:28:08 mysql]#
- 編譯安裝PHP並配置fcgi
[root@php 10:58:45 opt]#pwd /opt [root@php 10:58:50 opt]#ls php-7.1.18.tar.bz2 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz [root@php 10:58:51 opt]#tar xf php-7.1.18.tar.bz2 [root@php 10:59:10 opt]#yum install -y -q pcre-devel openssl-devel expat-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel [root@php 11:32:43 opt]#cd php-7.1.18/ [root@php 11:37:13 php-7.1.18]#./configure --prefix=/app/php > --enable-mysqlnd > --with-mysqli=mysqlnd > --with-openssl > --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd > --enable-mbstring > --with-freetype-dir > --with-jpeg-dir > --with-png-dir > --with-zlib > --with-libxml-dir=/usr > --enable-xml > --enable-sockets > --enable-fpm > --with-config-file-path=/etc > --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d > --enable-maintainer-zts > --disable-fileinfo ============中間編譯過程省略============ Thank you for using PHP. config.status: creating php7.spec config.status: creating main/build-defs.h config.status: creating scripts/phpize config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1 config.status: creating scripts/php-config config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1 config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1 config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf config.status: creating sapi/fpm/www.conf config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8 config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1 config.status: creating main/php_config.h config.status: executing default commands [root@php 11:39:56 php-7.1.18]# [root@php 11:44:40 php-7.1.18]#make -j 2 && make install ===========編譯安裝過程省略========== Installing PEAR environment: /app/php/lib/php/ [PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.4.3 [PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1 [PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1 [PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.4.2 [PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.10.5 Wrote PEAR system config file at: /app/php/etc/pear.conf You may want to add: /app/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path /opt/php-7.1.18/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /app/php/bin ln -s -f phar.phar /app/php/bin/phar Installing PDO headers: /app/php/include/php/ext/pdo/ [root@php 11:50:37 php-7.1.18]# [root@php 11:50:37 php-7.1.18]#pwd /opt/php-7.1.18 [root@php 11:53:56 php-7.1.18]#cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini [root@php 11:54:09 php-7.1.18]#cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@php 11:55:27 php-7.1.18]#chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@php 11:56:00 php-7.1.18]#chkconfig --add php-fpm [root@php 11:56:07 php-7.1.18]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -M apache [root@php 12:28:06 php-7.1.18]#cd /app/php/etc/ [root@php 12:28:27 etc]#cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf [root@php 12:29:00 etc]#cp php-fpm.d/www.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@php 12:30:42 etc]#sed -ri ‘s/(^listen.*)127.0.0.1(.*)/\1192.168.30.26\2/‘ /app/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@php 12:38:45 etc]#sed -ri ‘s/;(.*_clients =).*/\1 192.168.30.25/‘ /app/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@php 12:49:55 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/;(.*php-fpm.pid$)/\1/‘ /app/php/etc/php-fpm.conf [root@php 12:56:06 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/^group.*/group=apache/‘ /app/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@php 12:57:03 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/^user.*/user=apache/‘ /app/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
- 安裝wordpress
在apache服務器和PHP服務器上都執行以下代碼
[root@apache 13:00:33 ~]#cd /opt/ [root@apache 13:00:35 opt]#ls apr-1.6.3.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.33 httpd-2.4.33.tar.bz2 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz [root@apache 13:00:37 opt]#mkdir -p /var/www [root@apache 13:00:46 opt]#tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz -C /var/www/ [root@apache 13:00:55 opt]#cd /var/www/wordpress/ [root@apache 13:01:46 wordpress]#cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php [root@apache 13:04:46 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/(.*)database_name_here(.*)/\1wordpress\2/‘ /var/www/wordpress/wp-config.php [root@apache 13:06:14 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/(.*)username_here(.*)/\1wpadm\2/‘ /var/www/wordpress/wp-config.php [root@apache 13:06:56 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/(.*)password_here(.*)/\1mywordpress\2/‘ /var/www/wordpress/wp-config.php [root@apache 13:07:55 ~]#sed -ri ‘s/(.*)localhost(.*)/\1192.168.30.27\2/‘ /var/www/wordpress/wp-config.php [root@apache 13:12:37 wordpress]#chown -R apache.apache /var/www/wordpress/
- 啟動PHP和httpd服務，驗證
[root@php 13:19:52 wordpress]#service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm done [root@php 13:20:09 wordpress]#ss -tanl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 192.168.30.26:9000 *:* ########9000端口啟動成功 LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [root@apache 13:43:23 ~]#apachectl start [root@apache 13:44:23 ~]#ss -tanl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* ###############80端口開啟 LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [root@apache 13:44:41 ~]#
使用同網段客戶端，在/etc/hosts文件中加入ServerName，如下：
然後在此客戶端使用瀏覽器訪問www.mywordpress.com ，出現如下界面即成功。可以繼續配置wordpress站點並測試
總結：
這種apache和PHP分離的結構有兩個問題：
1.應用程序，如wordpress，需要在apache和php兩臺服務器上安裝，浪費空間
2.用戶上傳的文件，如圖片，無法顯示，因為上傳的文件是被放到PHP上，而客戶端訪問讀取時在apache上找不到
解決方案：1.使用同步機制，如rsync+inotify，同步web和php服務器；2.使用共享存儲，如NFS；3.對程序進行二次開發
LAMP服務分離編譯安裝+Wordpress