1. 程式人生 > >UOJ228 簡單資料結構練習題

UOJ228 簡單資料結構練習題

Description

傳送門
維護一個數列, 有以下操作:

  1. 對[l,r]同時加上x

  2. 把[l,r]開根後下取整.

  3. 查詢[l,r]之和

n,m \(\leq\)$ 100000, $\(a_i,x \leq 10^5\)

Solution

考慮一個簡易的線段樹,直接對一個區間進行開根. 如果這個區間數字不同就繼續往下遞迴. 因為 開根開不了多少次就會變成1,所以複雜度相對較小.但考慮一種情況:8 9 8 9 8 9 \(\dots\) 這樣變成1後再區間修改變成原來的樣子.然後就會TLE.

怎麼辦呢. 考慮一個小小優化,如果\(Max - \sqrt{Max} = Min - \sqrt{Min}\)

, 即區間變化量相同, 就直接轉換為一個減法.

然後就跑過去了, 還跑得飛快.

分析一下複雜度:

對於一個數\(y =a^{2^{k}}\), 我們對他開根是:\(k\)次的, 即\(log_{2}({log_{a}(y)})\). 對於一個數, 我們線上段樹上跳是\(log{n}\)次的.

我們定義勢能V為相鄰兩數的差. 那麼越開根號,V就越小.

顯然,我們一次加法最多讓V增加到最大值, 總勢能為mV, 所以複雜度為\(O((n + m)logN * loglogV)\)

Codes

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i, a, b) for(int i = (a), i##_end_ = (b); i <= i##_end_; ++i)
#define drep(i, a, b) for(int i = (a), i##_end_ = (b); i >= i##_end_; --i)
#define clar(a, b) memset((a), (b), sizeof(a))
#define debug(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
#define Debug(s) debug("The massage in line %d, Function %s: %s\n", __LINE__, __FUNCTION__, s)
typedef long long LL;
typedef long double LD;
const int BUF_SIZE = (int)1e6 + 10;
struct fastIO {
    char buf[BUF_SIZE], buf1[BUF_SIZE];
    int cur, cur1;
    FILE *in, *out;
    fastIO() {
        cur = BUF_SIZE, in = stdin, out = stdout;
        cur1 = 0;
    }
    inline char getchar() {
        if(cur == BUF_SIZE) fread(buf, BUF_SIZE, 1, in), cur = 0;
        return *(buf + (cur++));
    }
    inline void putchar(char ch) {
        *(buf1 + (cur1++)) = ch;
        if (cur1 == BUF_SIZE) fwrite(buf1, BUF_SIZE, 1, out), cur1 = 0;
    }
    inline int flush() {
        if (cur1 > 0) fwrite(buf1, cur1, 1, out);
        return cur1 = 0;
    }
}IO;
#define getchar IO.getchar
#define putchar IO.putchar
int read() {
    char ch = getchar();
    int x = 0, flag = 1;
    for(;!isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) if(ch == '-') flag *= -1;
    for(;isdigit(ch); ch = getchar()) x = x * 10 + ch - 48;
    return x * flag;
}
void write(LL x) {
    if(x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
    if(x >= 10) write(x / 10);
    putchar(x % 10 + 48);
}
void putString(char s[], char EndChar = '\n') {
    rep(i, 0, strlen(s) - 1) putchar(*(s + i));
    if(~EndChar) putchar(EndChar);
}

#define Maxn 100009
int n, m, a[Maxn];
namespace SGMT_tree {
    LL Max[Maxn << 2], Min[Maxn << 2], sum[Maxn << 2], tag[Maxn << 2];
#define lc(x) ((x) << 1)
#define rc(x) (((x) << 1) | 1)
    void pushup(int root) {
        Max[root] = max(Max[lc(root)], Max[rc(root)]);
        Min[root] = min(Min[lc(root)], Min[rc(root)]);
        sum[root] = sum[lc(root)] + sum[rc(root)];
    }
    void pushdown(int root, int l, int r) {
        LL v = tag[root];
        if(v) {
            int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
            Max[lc(root)] += v, Min[lc(root)] += v, tag[lc(root)] += v; sum[lc(root)] += 1ll * v * (mid - l + 1);
            Max[rc(root)] += v, Min[rc(root)] += v, tag[rc(root)] += v; sum[rc(root)] += 1ll * v * (r - mid);
            tag[root] = 0;
        }
    }
    void build(int root, int l, int r) {
        if(l == r) {
            Max[root] = Min[root] = sum[root] = a[l];
            tag[root] = 0;
            return ;
        }
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        build(lc(root), l, mid);
        build(rc(root), mid + 1, r);
        pushup(root);
    }
    void modify(int root, int l, int r, int x, int y, LL v) {
        if(l > r || r < x || l > y) return ;
        if(x <= l && r <= y) {
            Max[root] += v, Min[root] += v, tag[root] += v;
            sum[root] += 1ll * v * (1ll * r - l + 1);
            return;
        }
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        pushdown(root, l, r);
        modify(lc(root), l, mid, x, y, v);
        modify(rc(root), mid + 1, r, x, y, v);
        pushup(root);
    }
    void modify(int root, int l, int r, int x, int y) {
        if(l > r || r < x || l > y) return ;
        if(x <= l && r <= y) {
            if(Max[root] - ((int)sqrt(Max[root])) == Min[root] - ((int)sqrt(Min[root]))) {
                LL v = -Max[root] + ((int)sqrt(Max[root]));
                Max[root] += v, Min[root] += v, tag[root] += v, sum[root] += 1ll * v * (r - l + 1);
                return ;
            }
        }
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        pushdown(root, l, r);
        modify(lc(root), l, mid, x, y);
        modify(rc(root), mid + 1, r, x, y);
        pushup(root);
    }
    LL query(int root, int l, int r, int x, int y) {
        if(l > r || r < x || l > y) return 0;
        if(x <= l && r <= y) return sum[root];
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1; LL res = 0;
        pushdown(root, l, r);
        res += query(lc(root), l, mid, x, y);
        res += query(rc(root), mid + 1, r, x, y);
        pushup(root);
        return res;
    }
}
namespace INIT {
    void Main() {
        n = read(); m = read();
        rep(i, 1, n) a[i] = read();
        SGMT_tree :: build(1, 1, n);
    }
}
namespace SOLVE {
    void Main() {
        rep(i, 1, m) {
            int opt = read();
            if(opt == 1) {
                int l = read(), r = read(), x = read();
                SGMT_tree :: modify(1, 1, n, l, r, x);
            }
            if(opt == 2) {
                int l = read(), r = read();
                SGMT_tree :: modify(1, 1, n, l, r);
            }
            if(opt == 3) {
                int l = read(), r = read();
                write(SGMT_tree :: query(1, 1, n, l, r)), putchar('\n');
            }
        }
    }
}
int main() {
#ifdef Qrsikno
    freopen("uoj228.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("uoj228.out", "w", stdout);
#endif
    INIT :: Main();
    SOLVE :: Main();
#ifdef Qrsikno
    debug("\nRunning time: %.3lf(s)\n", clock() * 1.0 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
#endif
    return IO.flush();
}