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第01周-探究為何一個TNBC對gefitinib過於敏感

探究為何一個TNBC對gefitinib過於敏感

背景知識

實驗設計

作者製作了一批TNBCs (15/18)的PDX模型,然後用這些模型來測試其對 EGFR inhibitor gefitinib 敏感情況。前人報道該藥物在TNBC病人裡面有效率是38.7%,與他們的實驗想符合(6/18), 但是其中有一個人的反映比較特殊,就是 GCRC1735, **一個70歲的老奶奶,該藥物治療效果出奇的好。**實驗表明是正中靶點,降低了pEGFR,同時下調了pERK通路,激活了凋亡通路。基因檢測表明該老奶奶有一個 pathogenic BRCA1

mutation (p.C1225Sfs) 和a somatic TP53 alteration (p.R249T) ,而EGFR基因上面既沒有突變也沒有拷貝數變異,EGFR 這個通路相關的基因也沒有太大的異常,沒辦法解釋該病人為何會對gefitinib如此敏感,值得探究。

單細胞轉錄組測序

因為bulk測序無法解決問題

To understand functional properties associated with heterogeneous EGFR expression in an unbiased manner, single cell RNA-seq was performed on freshly dissociated cells from the PDX (3,483 cells, with an average of 40,564 unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) and 5,146 genes detected per cell)

資料都在SRA資料庫裡面,如下:

其中單細胞測序是對一個70歲的老奶奶做的,所有的資料都在SRP110989裡面,共3500個細胞,分析結果如下:

Cells partitioned into six subpopulations

  • a mesenchymal/stem (M/S) cluster ,表現為 EGFR 和mesenchymal相關基因高表達
  • the nuclear/mitochondrial cluster,表現為 nuclear 和 mitochondrial基因定位
  • a proliferative cluster,表現為細胞週期相關基因高表達
  • the basal cluster ,包括 (KRT6A/B
    , KRT17, KRT14, and KRT5) 等markers
  • A transitional cluster , 差異基因太少

subpopulation-specific markers

用 diffuse t-SNE 進行分組後,找到 marker 基因

pathway analysis

對找到的marker基因進行註釋

分析了5個公共資料:

上面得到的各個cluster 的 gene list需要跟公共資料進行對比註釋

  • BRCA1 and familial breast cancers (GSE49481)(Larsen et al., 2014)

  • pre/post-chemotherapy (GSE32072)(Gonzalez-Angulo et al., 2012)

  • FACS normal mammary cell (GSE16997)(Lim et al., 2009)

  • (GSE37223)(Kannan et al., 2013)

  • FACS normal mammary cells single-cell qPCR (GSE70554)(Lawson et al., 2015).

    主要是看差異表達,還有用 GOBO 演算法看 signature scores ​

使用 Monocle 進行 trajectory 推斷

這個是演算法問題,可以先略過,直接看結論。

補充材料講解了WES,scRNA-seq資料分析

哪些軟體,哪些步驟! 尤其注意我標記的地方。

乳腺癌表達分型

拿到了乳腺癌患者的表達矩陣,就可以根據ssp2003 , ssp2006 and pam50來對其進行分類

Breast cancers were divided into luminal A, luminal B, HER2+ and basal-like subtypes using the ssp2003 , ssp2006 and pam50 classi ers, via the ‘genefu’ R package (http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/ html/genefu.html).

參考文獻是:

  • Sorlie,T. et al. (2003) Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes inindependent gene expression data sets. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA,
  • Hu,Z. et al. (2006) The molecular portraits of breast tumors are conserved across microarray platforms. BMC Genomics
    • Parker,J.S. et al. (2009) Supervised risk predictor of breast cancer based onintrinsic subtypes. J. Clin. Oncol.

乳腺癌整合生存分析網頁工具

The Kaplan Meier plotter is capable to assess the effect of 54,675 genes on survival using 10,461 cancer samples. These include 5,143 breast, 1,816 ovarian, 2,437 lung and 1,065 gastric cancer patients with a mean follow-up of 69 / 40 / 49 / 33 months. Primary purpose of the tool is a meta-analysis based biomarker assessment.

Characteristics Number of tumors
All tumors 1881
ER+ tumors 1225
ER- tumors 395
Untreated tumors 927
TAM treated tumors 326

(文章轉自jimmy的2018年閱讀文獻筆記)