2. 程式人生 > >【區塊鏈】Truffle 部署 編譯 測試 智慧合約 的 完整實踐操作

【區塊鏈】Truffle 部署 編譯 測試 智慧合約 的 完整實踐操作

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-20

Truffle 部署 編譯 測試 智慧合約 的 完整實踐操作

目標

  • 搭建開發環境
  • 建立一個Truffle專案
  • 編寫智慧合約
  • 編譯轉移智慧合約
  • 測試智慧合約
  • 建立使用者介面連線智慧合約
  • 在瀏覽器中訪問Dapp

搭建開發環境

  • Node.js v6+ LTS and npm (comes with Node)
  • Git

這裡配置指令碼略過。。。。

[email protected]➤ node -v
v8.5.0

[email protected]➤ npm -v
5.4.2

[email protected]➤ git --version
git version 2.13
 
.5 (Apple Git-94)
[email protected]➤ npm install -g ethereumjs-testrpc
/usr/local/bin/testrpc -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/build/cli.node.js

> fsevents@1.1.2 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/fsevents
> node install

events.js:182
      throw er; // Unhandled 'error'
 
 event
      ^

Error: spawn node-pre-gyp ENOENT
    at _errnoException (util.js:1026:11)
    at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:192:19)
    at onErrorNT (internal/child_process.js:374:16)
    at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:138:11)
    at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:180
 
:9)
    at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:667:11)
    at startup (bootstrap_node.js:201:16)
    at bootstrap_node.js:626:3

> uglifyjs-webpack-plugin@0.4.6 postinstall /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/uglifyjs-webpack-plugin
> node lib/post_install.js

npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.1.2 (node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.1.2 install: `node install`
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Exit status 1

+ ethereumjs-testrpc@4.1.3
added 2 packages, removed 475 packages, updated 238 packages and moved 1 package in 293.194s


   ╭─────────────────────────────────────╮
   │                                     │
   │   Update available 5.4.2 → 5.5.1    │
   │     Run npm i -g npm to update      │
   │                                     │
   ╰─────────────────────────────────────╯


[email protected]➤ npm i -g npm to update  
/usr/local/bin/npm -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npm-cli.js
/usr/local/bin/npx -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npx-cli.js
/usr/local/bin/update -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/update/bin/update.js
+ update@0.7.4
+ npm@5.5.1
+ to@0.2.9
added 708 packages, removed 2 packages and updated 29 packages in 434.067s


[email protected]➤ sudo  npm install -g ethereumjs-testrpc                        
npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/_yargs@3.10.0@yargs/node_modules/cliui
npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/_yargs@3.10.0@yargs/node_modules/decamelize
npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/_strip-ansi@3.0.1@strip-ansi/node_modules/ansi-regex
npm ERR! path /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/_yargs@3.10.0@yargs/node_modules/cliui
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno -2
npm ERR! syscall access
npm ERR! enoent ENOENT: no such file or directory, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/[email protected]@yargs/node_modules/cliui'
npm ERR! enoent This is related to npm not being able to find a file.
npm ERR! enoent 

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/xiaoyu/.npm/_logs/2017-10-26T08_09_48_018Z-debug.log


[email protected]➤ npm install -g truffle
/usr/local/bin/truffle -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/truffle/build/cli.bundled.js
+ truffle@3.4.11
removed 105 packages and updated 91 packages in 89.658s

用Truffle Box建立一個Truffle專案

❖  ~/solidity [16:15:01]
[email protected]➤ mkdir pet-shop-tutorial
❖  ~/solidity [16:15:06]
[email protected]➤ cd pet-shop-tutorial

[email protected]➤ truffle unbox pet-shop
Downloading...
Unpacking...
Setting up...

目錄結構

/contracts 智慧合約
/migrations 遷移系統來處理智慧合約部署
/test 測試
truffle.js 配置檔案

其他部分是nodejs的配置檔案以及資料夾

編寫智慧合約

在contracts中建立Adoption.sol檔案

pragma solidity ^0.4.4;

contract Adoption {

    address[16] public adopters; //儲存地址

    //採用一個寵物
    function adopt(uint petId) public returns (uint) {
        require(petId >= 0 && petId <= 15);

        adopters[petId] = msg.sender;

        return petId;
    }

    //返回採用者
    function getAdopters() public returns (address[16]) {
        return adopters;
    }
}

編譯轉移智慧合約

EVM的測試環境

開啟另一個視窗

[email protected]➤ testrpc -p 8588
EthereumJS TestRPC v4.1.3 (ganache-core: 1.1.3)

Available Accounts
==================
(0) 0xd2a54e8087d88889e1857698ceb228493b67bab6
(1) 0x44d32639c3803b9daa7392ff2ea50644153d7721
(2) 0x32d951e2f319edb079764b1c75864497a3132446
(3) 0x82244a630d6031be85ca298376cfa2bd6c7389a6
(4) 0xd3b556b69eb670a250bbc3f15ebefb081d4c7108
(5) 0x9f50cf1b425c6ca97de0128e46a21abd7bda3258
(6) 0x8e0545a4fe9eac1bb2f4683f0c6b36cd4a364a40
(7) 0x200b052f6eaeaa1dc11abcc3101b7a8aca293e70
(8) 0xcbd4c8b9d264367d385d4938c3b390a2eb0f2a62
(9) 0xa769a296f0bbab07e48ca62da5ad5aea4c920580

Private Keys
==================
(0) a4f66a0654bbd1338a0cc9264624ad9f710f5cd65bbd4aed6f0b20706335e573
(1) cab64a11662597c79a9e866865efbec4b2e1701ed21783f68a61162937baaf8a
(2) 9f52f1c63923b390b438212bdd4594d3b479b22024bd193b8a3a600572f697af
(3) 452b11e8ea19803b44b474d86c13d7325a387459abe634ad1c64b13eb26d0745
(4) a663ff82b20002942c491e393951e5e366d8cceeff89732690f974f709243260
(5) 7410aba40135ee4fea322a13403b081939d245e7ed534e016090657cbdb6183c
(6) 269e44a7c17d591d23a694539a8d6feee3d9894182d4bc663a2f51fc33a3f540
(7) 4f70e8c8f25a1ef2e9057a1b25053d6bceca46b68dfc0548e0c96b16fa9af5eb
(8) 6114321e07ba8248509c17f4f0318aaf0edd972986f43ec652a2030b6cfe18bd
(9) 37cacf13d9833bb3c63c657b42fed5f87f3806cca4d1cd400cbc5f7c8c2a3cc1

HD Wallet
==================
Mnemonic:      better become piano october library quarter festival ability arrow patch fringe practice
Base HD Path:  m/44'/60'/0'/0/{account_index}

Listening on localhost:8588

這裡注意，我的測試demo指定了埠，那麼也要修改對應的配置檔案。

truffle.js

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "localhost",
      port: 8588,
      network_id: "*" // Match any network id
    }
  }
};

編譯智慧合約

❖  ~/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial [16:27:59]
[email protected]➤ truffle compile
Compiling ./contracts/Adoption.sol...
Compiling ./contracts/Migrations.sol...
Writing artifacts to ./build/contracts

遷移智慧合約

檢視專案目錄，會發現migrations目錄中已經存在了一個檔案1_initial_migration.js

我們開始建立第二個檔案2_deploy_contracts.js

var Adoption = artifacts.require("./Adoption.sol");

module.exports = function(deployer) {
  deployer.deploy(Adoption);
};

執行遷移

❖  ~/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial [16:53:30]
[email protected]➤ truffle migrate
Using network 'development'.

Running migration: 1_initial_migration.js
  Deploying Migrations...
  ... 0x09db8962f99c5e5bdb316882c9f3aff69244df68664c6d90dda7e8c9f5249809
  Migrations: 0xf7345735ec00a0b797e5469a49b5deaf9131659f
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0xb6f330b833176db1e94d24c84bab618b6c9205585e9803f7c6fe21f14fec179a
Saving artifacts...
Running migration: 2_deploy_contracts.js
  Deploying Adoption...
  ... 0xb93b24287ebba0dfd091e62fb9d55e188a76412097fdae4a7caf1520b9aaabb9
  Adoption: 0x424bc3aeeeb6d0a0e0ed8271ce7764b6ad336c7a
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0x26f08c9da8a6ec12f4edece8a6344a9030bb7fbd97f3b1a4592b93f4aec2dc39
Saving artifacts...

同時，你在testrpc上還能看到下面的輸出

Listening on localhost:8588
net_version
eth_accounts
eth_accounts
net_version
net_version
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x09db8962f99c5e5bdb316882c9f3aff69244df68664c6d90dda7e8c9f5249809
  Contract created: 0xf7345735ec00a0b797e5469a49b5deaf9131659f
  Gas usage: 201556
  Block Number: 1
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 16:58:31 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xb6f330b833176db1e94d24c84bab618b6c9205585e9803f7c6fe21f14fec179a
  Gas usage: 41965
  Block Number: 2
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 16:58:31 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_accounts
net_version
net_version
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xb93b24287ebba0dfd091e62fb9d55e188a76412097fdae4a7caf1520b9aaabb9
  Contract created: 0x424bc3aeeeb6d0a0e0ed8271ce7764b6ad336c7a
  Gas usage: 213057
  Block Number: 3
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 16:58:31 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x26f08c9da8a6ec12f4edece8a6344a9030bb7fbd97f3b1a4592b93f4aec2dc39
  Gas usage: 26965
  Block Number: 4
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 16:58:31 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt

測試智慧合約

在test資料夾中建立檔案TestAdoption.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.11;

import "truffle/Assert.sol"; //truffle公共的庫
import "truffle/DeployedAddresses.sol"; //truffle公共的庫
import "../contracts/Adoption.sol";

contract TestAdoption {
    Adoption adoption = Adoption(DeployedAddresses.Adoption());

    // 測試 adopt()
    function testUserCanAdoptPet() {
        uint returnedId = adoption.adopt(8); //呼叫輸入引數

        uint expected = 8; //期望的結果

        Assert.equal(returnedId, expected, "Adoption of pet ID 8 should be recorded."); //判斷如果沒有就丟擲異常
    }

    // 單個測試
    function testGetAdopterAddressByPetId() {

        address expected = this;

        address adopter = adoption.adopters(8);

        Assert.equal(adopter, expected, "Owner of pet ID 8 should be recorded.");
    }

    // 所有的測試
    function testGetAdopterAddressByPetIdInArray() {

        address expected = this;

        address[16] memory adopters = adoption.getAdopters();

        Assert.equal(adopters[8], expected, "Owner of pet ID 8 should be recorded.");
    }


}

執行測試命令

[email protected]➤ truffle test
Using network 'development'.

Compiling ./contracts/Adoption.sol...
Compiling ./test/TestAdoption.sol...
Compiling truffle/Assert.sol...
Compiling truffle/DeployedAddresses.sol...

Compilation warnings encountered:

truffle/Assert.sol:114:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(string A, string B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:137:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(string A, string B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:206:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(bytes32 A, bytes32 B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:226:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(bytes32 A, bytes32 B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:286:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(address A, address B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:305:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(address A, address B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:403:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(bool A, bool B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:426:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(bool A, bool B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:451:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:474:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:497:22: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAbove(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                     ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:520:24: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAtLeast(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                       ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:543:22: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isBelow(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                     ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:566:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAtMost(uint A, uint B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^----^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:635:20: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function equal(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                   ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:658:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function notEqual(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:681:22: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAbove(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                     ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:704:24: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAtLeast(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                       ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:727:22: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isBelow(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                     ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:750:23: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function isAtMost(int A, int B, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                      ^---^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:1267:27: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function balanceEqual(address A, uint b, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                          ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:1287:30: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function balanceNotEqual(address A, uint b, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                             ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:1306:28: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function balanceIsZero(address A, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                           ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^

,truffle/Assert.sol:1325:31: Warning: This declaration shadows an existing declaration.
    function balanceIsNotZero(address A, string message) constant returns (bool result) {
                              ^-------^
truffle/Assert.sol:64:5: The shadowed declaration is here:
    uint8 constant A = uint8(byte('a'));
    ^---------------------------------^




  TestAdoption
    ✓ testUserCanAdoptPet (100ms)
    ✓ testGetAdopterAddressByPetId (106ms)
    ✓ testGetAdopterAddressByPetIdInArray (119ms)


  3 passing (912ms)

同時，在testrpc視窗中，輸出如下內容

net_version
eth_accounts
eth_accounts
eth_accounts
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x0248e4f5b8ed0130b6c04fb0628747948c4430b2db32ae4b4aecc5837c95a7a9
  Contract created: 0x44d5b51c7a790edf595f36f647d8782ab95d2043
  Gas usage: 201556
  Block Number: 5
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xf25d861fa237ca89ece917d3bfcae990b00253a213e3dfe977c808727bb41621
  Gas usage: 41965
  Block Number: 6
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_accounts
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x3bc4a4f9a6a29e336135a0617b9dcda72af62f8ed6ba8cdcb52e2c13b9c0b9c1
  Contract created: 0x7e434775cefce86de3c944aeb840b80ffa397e6f
  Gas usage: 213057
  Block Number: 7
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x8e9a560c91b97f4fe1020f9e4154b063391d4e1b6da522a80e78d572e18e3864
  Gas usage: 26965
  Block Number: 8
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt
evm_snapshot
Saved snapshot #1
net_version
eth_sendTransaction
net_version
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xbcca837fc7693ae43eef2210f88f5b59ada90c2c56250558bdee776417c6ce8d
  Contract created: 0x16e910a876a0ef1ad4fceb7b15b0ed1e34212a3f
  Gas usage: 141661
  Block Number: 9
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter

  Transaction: 0x8ad5172333283066102aada539d0b17f14a3a13b5bc996b8baca49296d625045
  Contract created: 0x7d49d66afb1fa72446cbbeb2dc7f43237a2895d9
  Gas usage: 4630196
  Block Number: 10
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:40 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x4a9374f9c1da7266c44b9c3f191572a79938bf446e9261a910904fbd86b019ef
  Contract created: 0x2411f93ad68e7a071ad6b116614d4a45049a2e36
  Gas usage: 425816
  Block Number: 11
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:41 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_newBlockFilter
eth_getFilterChanges
eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_getCode
eth_uninstallFilter
eth_blockNumber
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xc77b4f897c7ebcd27022c0b677589b6a3611384f5734660ec422cde74f0bec24
  Gas usage: 48908
  Block Number: 12
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:41 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_blockNumber
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0xbc11d4af9475b481271d824c3ba492d7eb23a204608c3da790b77cd8509d518e
  Gas usage: 29062
  Block Number: 13
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:41 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt
eth_blockNumber
eth_sendTransaction

  Transaction: 0x64e35489fcad832bfce85d305726922c2c2a97dcb897ffbfc4a69b0649fc7244
  Gas usage: 36064
  Block Number: 14
  Block Time: Thu Oct 26 2017 17:29:41 GMT+0800 (CST)

eth_getTransactionReceipt

建立使用者介面連線智慧合約

安裝web3

[email protected]➤ npm install -g web3
npm WARN deprecated fs-promise@2.0.3: Use mz or fs-extra^3.0 with Promise Support
npm WARN deprecated tar.gz@1.0.7: ⚠️  WARNING ⚠️ tar.gz module has been deprecated and your application is vulnerable. Please use tar module instead: https://npmjs.com/tar
npm WARN deprecated minimatch@0.3.0: Please update to minimatch 3.0.2 or higher to avoid a RegExp DoS issue

> scrypt@6.0.3 preinstall /usr/local/lib/node_modules/web3/node_modules/scrypt
> node node-scrypt-preinstall.js


> scrypt@6.0.3 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/web3/node_modules/scrypt
> node-gyp rebuild

  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/copied_files.node
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_wrapper/src/util/memlimit.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_wrapper/src/scryptwrapper/keyderivation.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_wrapper/src/scryptwrapper/pickparams.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_wrapper/src/scryptwrapper/hash.o
  LIBTOOL-STATIC Release/scrypt_wrapper.a
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/lib/crypto/crypto_scrypt.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/lib/crypto/crypto_scrypt_smix.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/libcperciva/util/warnp.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/libcperciva/alg/sha256.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/libcperciva/util/insecure_memzero.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt_lib/scrypt/scrypt-1.2.0/lib/scryptenc/scryptenc_cpuperf.o
  LIBTOOL-STATIC Release/scrypt_lib.a
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_common.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_params_async.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_params_sync.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_kdf_async.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_kdf_sync.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_kdf-verify_sync.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_kdf-verify_async.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_hash_sync.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/src/node-boilerplate/scrypt_hash_async.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/scrypt/scrypt_node.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/scrypt.node

> sha3@1.2.0 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/web3/node_modules/sha3
> node-gyp rebuild

  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sha3/src/addon.o
../src/addon.cpp:59:36: warning: 'NewInstance' is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
                        info.GetReturnValue().Set(cons->NewInstance(argc, argv));
                                                        ^
/Users/xiaoyu/.node-gyp/8.5.0/include/node/v8.h:3787:3: note: 'NewInstance' has been explicitly marked deprecated here
  V8_DEPRECATED("Use maybe version",
  ^
/Users/xiaoyu/.node-gyp/8.5.0/include/node/v8config.h:332:29: note: expanded from macro 'V8_DEPRECATED'
  declarator __attribute__((deprecated))
                            ^
1 warning generated.
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sha3/src/displayIntermediateValues.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sha3/src/KeccakF-1600-reference.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sha3/src/KeccakNISTInterface.o
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sha3/src/KeccakSponge.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/sha3.node

> websocket@1.0.24 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/web3/node_modules/websocket
> (node-gyp rebuild 2> builderror.log) || (exit 0)

  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/bufferutil/src/bufferutil.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/bufferutil.node
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/validation/src/validation.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/validation.node
+ web3@1.0.0-beta.24
added 289 packages in 68.85s

開啟檔案/src/js/app.js

下面的程式碼展示瞭如何呼叫web3,呼叫合約的方法，以及繫結資料到UI

App = {
  web3Provider: null,
  contracts: {},

  init: function() {
    // Load pets.
    $.getJSON('../pets.json', function(data) {
      var petsRow = $('#petsRow');
      var petTemplate = $('#petTemplate');

      for (i = 0; i < data.length; i ++) {
        petTemplate.find('.panel-title').text(data[i].name);
        petTemplate.find('img').attr('src', data[i].picture);
        petTemplate.find('.pet-breed').text(data[i].breed);
        petTemplate.find('.pet-age').text(data[i].age);
        petTemplate.find('.pet-location').text(data[i].location);
        petTemplate.find('.btn-adopt').attr('data-id', data[i].id);

        petsRow.append(petTemplate.html());
      }
    });

    return App.initWeb3();
  },

  initWeb3: function() {

      // web3入口
      if (typeof web3 !== 'undefined') {
          App.web3Provider = web3.currentProvider;
      } else {
          // 測試網路
          App.web3Provider = new Web3.providers.HttpProvider('http://localhost:8588'); //這裡是我指定的埠88
      }
      web3 = new Web3(App.web3Provider);

    return App.initContract();
  },

  initContract: function() {
      //載入Adoption.json
      $.getJSON('Adoption.json', function(data) {
          // 智慧合約例項化
          var AdoptionArtifact = data;
          App.contracts.Adoption = TruffleContract(AdoptionArtifact);

          // 設定合約提供者
          App.contracts.Adoption.setProvider(App.web3Provider);

          // 檢索操作
          return App.markAdopted();
      });

    return App.bindEvents();
  },

  bindEvents: function() {
    $(document).on('click', '.btn-adopt', App.handleAdopt);
  },

  markAdopted: function(adopters, account) {
      //例項
      var adoptionInstance;


      App.contracts.Adoption.deployed().then(function(instance) {
          adoptionInstance = instance;

          return adoptionInstance.getAdopters.call();
      }).then(function(adopters) {
          for (i = 0; i < adopters.length; i++) {
              if (adopters[i] !== '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000') {
                  $('.panel-pet').eq(i).find('button').text('Success').attr('disabled', true);
              }
          }
      }).catch(function(err) {
          console.log(err.message);
      });
  },

  handleAdopt: function() {
    event.preventDefault();

    var petId = parseInt($(event.target).data('id'));

      var adoptionInstance;

      web3.eth.getAccounts(function(error, accounts) {
          if (error) {
              console.log(error);
          }

          var account = accounts[0];

          App.contracts.Adoption.deployed().then(function(instance) {
              adoptionInstance = instance;

              // Execute adopt as a transaction by sending account
              return adoptionInstance.adopt(petId, {from: account});
          }).then(function(result) {
              return App.markAdopted();
          }).catch(function(err) {
              console.log(err.message);
          });
      });
  }

};

$(function() {
  $(window).load(function() {
    App.init();
  });
});

在瀏覽器中執行dapp

安裝MetaMask到瀏覽器

  • 安裝擴充套件程式
  • 建立測試網路賬戶
  • 從其他測試網路錢包轉移eth

建立一個賬戶並匯入eth

安裝和配置lite-server

開啟bs-config.json檔案

{
  "server": {
    "baseDir": ["./src", "./build/contracts"]
  }
}

開啟package.json檔案，下面配置了lite-server的部分

"scripts": {
  "dev": "lite-server",
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},

當執行npm run dev的時候，就會啟動lite-server

執行Dapp

❖  ~/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial [17:35:33]
[email protected]➤ npm run dev

> pet-shop@1.0.0 dev /Users/xiaoyu/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial
> lite-server

sh: lite-server: command not found
npm ERR! file sh
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno ENOENT
npm ERR! syscall spawn
npm ERR! pet-shop@1.0.0 dev: `lite-server`
npm ERR! spawn ENOENT
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the pet-shop@1.0.0 dev script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/xiaoyu/.npm/_logs/2017-10-26T10_20_42_191Z-debug.log

報錯了。。。。

[email protected]➤ npm install -g lite-server
npm WARN deprecated express@2.5.11: express 2.x series is deprecated
npm WARN deprecated connect@1.9.2: connect 1.x series is deprecated
/usr/local/bin/lite-server -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/lite-server/bin/lite-server

> fsevents@1.1.2 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/lite-server/node_modules/fsevents
> node install

[fsevents] Success: "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/lite-server/node_modules/fsevents/lib/binding/Release/node-v57-darwin-x64/fse.node" already installed
Pass --update-binary to reinstall or --build-from-source to recompile
+ lite-server@2.3.0
added 417 packages in 499.895s
❖  ~/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial [18:30:10]
[email protected]➤ npm run dev               

> pet-shop@1.0.0 dev /Users/xiaoyu/solidity/pet-shop-tutorial
> lite-server

** browser-sync config **
{ injectChanges: false,
  files: [ './**/*.{html,htm,css,js}' ],
  watchOptions: { ignored: 'node_modules' },
  server: 
   { baseDir: [ './src', './build/contracts' ],
     middleware: [ [Function], [Function] ] } }
[Browsersync] Access URLs:
 -------------------------------------
       Local: http://localhost:3000
    External: http://10.0.178.198:3000
 -------------------------------------
          UI: http://localhost:3001
 UI External: http://10.0.178.198:3001
 -------------------------------------
[Browsersync] Serving files from: ./src
[Browsersync] Serving files from: ./build/contracts
[Browsersync] Watching files...
17.10.26 18:31:20 200 GET /index.html
17.10.26 18:31:20 200 GET /css/bootstrap.min.css
17.10.26 18:31:21 200 GET /js/bootstrap.min.js
17.10.26 18:31:21 200 GET /js/web3.min.js
17.10.26 18:31:21 200 GET /js/app.js
17.10.26 18:31:21 200 GET /js/truffle-contract.js
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /pets.json
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /Adoption.json
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /images/french-bulldog.jpeg
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /images/boxer.jpeg
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /images/scottish-terrier.jpeg
17.10.26 18:31:24 200 GET /images/golden-retriever.jpeg
17.10.26 18:31:24 404 GET /favicon.ico

然後會自動開啟瀏覽器,http://localhost:3000/

示例網站

點選adopt按鈕，會跳出提示，支付合約費用，完成呼叫。

總結

Truffle能完成智慧合約的整套流程。

Truffle Box 提供了現成的專案，可以快速上手。

Truffle官網文件夠詳細，點個贊。

參考資料

相關推薦

【區塊鏈】Truffle 部署 編譯 測試 智慧合約 的 完整實踐操作

Truffle 部署 編譯 測試 智慧合約 的 完整實踐操作 目標 搭建開發環境 建立一個Truffle專案 編寫智慧合約 編譯轉移智慧合約 測試智慧合約 建立使用者介面連線智慧合約 在瀏覽器中訪問Dapp 搭建開發環境 Node.js v6+

【區塊鏈】1 HyperLedger快速搭建一個Fabric1.0環境 執行測試e2e_cli專案

1 Ubuntu環境搭建（win7 64位 + VMWare14 + Ubuntu16.04） 2 Docker安裝 首先sudo apt install curl 使用阿里提供的映象進行Docker的安裝，輸入curl -fsSL https://

【區塊鏈】使用truffle開發一個投票DApp

機器環境 win10 nodev8.9.4 初始化專案 npm install -g truffle npm install -g ganache-cli truffle unbox webpack 編寫投票的智慧合約–Vot

【區塊鏈】以太坊（Ethereum ）高級進階實戰視頻教程

price 實用方法 def 實戰 draw data java代碼 pri per 【區塊鏈】以太坊（Ethereum ）高級進階實戰視頻教程視頻教程地址：http://edu.51cto.com/course/14785.html 課程大綱： 課程概要介紹使用bootn

【區塊鏈】實體經濟距離發行ICO還有多遠？[續]——STO給我們帶來了什麼

寫在前面 前文 [區塊鏈]實體經濟距離發行ICO還有多遠？得到了眾多企業和觀眾的一致好評，也有幸被中文核心期刊【企業管理】雜誌錄用並刊登了此文。本文以近一年半後的視角再回頭對該文進行拓展研究，用以拋磚引玉。 後ICO時代的沒落 前文在ICO即將火熱之前詳細的介紹了對於企業而言

【區塊鏈】比特幣原始碼學習

比特幣原始碼學習 - 1 - 交易 參考部落格：here and here 一、交易概念 1、 交易形式 比特幣交易中的基礎構建單元是交易輸出。在比特幣的世界裡既沒有賬戶，也沒有餘額，只有分散到區塊鏈裡的UTXO[未花費的交易輸出]。 例如，你有20比特幣

【區塊鏈】比特幣原始碼

比特幣原始碼 - 2 - 金鑰和地址 一、基本概念 這裡摘抄一下《精通比特幣》裡面的描述： 比特幣的所有權是通過數字金鑰、比特幣地址和數字簽名來確立的。數字金鑰實際上並不是儲存在網路中，而是由使用者生成並存儲在一個檔案或簡單的資料庫中，稱為錢包。 每筆比特幣交

【區塊鏈】目前對區塊鏈最通俗易懂的解釋

來源：網優僱傭軍物聯網智庫 整理髮布轉載請註明來源和出處------   【導讀】------這

【區塊鏈】go ethereum 安裝與使用

go ethereum 安裝與使用 - mac 1. 安裝 · home-brew 安裝： here · go ethereum 客戶端安裝：here · solc 安裝 sudo npm install -g solc solc-cli --

【區塊鏈】研究報告：區塊鏈+供應鏈金融

自2016年區塊鏈在國內掀起熱潮以來，整個行業都在不斷地探索各類落地場景，真可謂區塊鏈如此多嬌，

【區塊鏈】區塊鏈溯源重在建立“高可靠信用機制”，“打假”格局將發生根本性改變

【區塊鏈】以太坊 web3j for java 使用

為使用者建立憑證credentials <2> 環境：mac os & android studio 參考：here 一、初始工作 檢視上一篇文章：here 二、建立credentials String fileP

【區塊鏈】比特幣白皮書《比特幣一種點對點的電子現金系統》個人解讀

比特幣系統是一種完全通過點對點技術實現的電子現金系統，即它使得線上支付能直接從一方發起並直接支付給另外一方，中間不需要任何的金融機構。數字簽名（digital signatures）解決了所有權的問題，但是並不能解決雙重支付問題，於是中本聰提出了一種解決方案，通隨機雜湊（ha

【區塊鏈】萬向區塊鏈羅榮閣：為什麼區塊鏈是解決汽車供應鏈金融痛點最優雅的方案？

【本文整理自萬向區塊鏈CTO羅榮閣在萬向區塊鏈實驗室主辦的第三屆區塊鏈全球峰會（2017.9.1

【區塊鏈】以太貓白皮書

本文還有大量超連結，為了獲得更好的閱讀體驗，建議您點選“閱讀原文”進行閱讀。摘要隨著區塊鏈技術持

【區塊鏈】Android通過Geth RPC介面實現接入以太坊私有鏈

Android通過Geth RPC介面實現接入以太坊私有鏈 環境：mac os & android studio 一、啟動私有鏈 搭建方法見 here 啟動並設定RPC埠： geth --identity "linoy" --rpc -

【區塊鏈】高盛釋出最新區塊鏈79頁完整中文版報告《區塊鏈：從理論走向實踐》

高盛公司（Glodman Sachs）曾釋出過報告《區塊鏈：從理論走向實踐》（Block chain: Putting Theory intoPractice），報告顯示，矽谷和華爾街都為了區塊鏈著迷，逐漸忘記了作為其技術源頭的比特幣。

【區塊鏈】從0開始搭建基於以太坊的區塊鏈開發環境

Ethereum（以太坊）是一個使開發人員能夠建立和釋出下一代分散式應用的公共區塊鏈平臺。 通過其專用加密貨幣以太幣（Ether）提供去中心化的虛擬機器（稱為“以太虛擬機器”Ethereum Virtual Machine）來處理點對點合約。本文從0開始搭建了以太坊的開發環境，猶如當年初學其他語言一樣，這是我

【區塊鏈】目前炒幣的平臺有哪些，區塊鏈怎麼入場？

介紹幾個我使用過的：推薦最後的 gate.io 目前有用過 bitfinex.com, 資料資訊比較多，分析曲線還不錯，但是手續費比較高。 國內的有 幣安 , 手續費根據幣種的不同收費不同。

【區塊鏈】金本位和鑄幣稅

一、金本位制度（Gold standard） 百度百科 特點： 1. 用黃金來規定貨幣所代表的價值，每一貨幣單位都有法定的含金量，各國貨幣按其所含黃金重量而有一定的比價。 2. 金幣可以自由鑄造，任何人都可按本位幣的含金量將金塊交給國家造幣廠鑄成金幣。